Immune Netw.  2018 Aug;18(4):e27. 10.4110/in.2018.18.e27.

Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Inflammatory Diseases

• Roh JS
• Sohn DH

• KMID: 2419772
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4110/in.2018.18.e27

Abstract

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger molecules that are released from damaged or dying cells and activate the innate immune system by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Although DAMPs contribute to the host's defense, they promote pathological inflammatory responses. Recent studies have suggested that various DAMPs, such as high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), S100 proteins, and heat shock proteins (HSPs), are increased and considered to have a pathogenic role in inflammatory diseases. Here, we review current research on the role of DAMPs in inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cancer. We also discuss the possibility of DAMPs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these diseases.

Keyword

Damage-associated molecular patterns; Inflammation; Pattern recognition receptors; Inflammatory diseases

MeSH Terms

Alzheimer Disease
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Atherosclerosis
Biomarkers
Heat-Shock Proteins
Immune System
Inflammation
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Osteoarthritis
Parkinson Disease
Receptors, Pattern Recognition
S100 Proteins
Biomarkers
Heat-Shock Proteins
Receptors, Pattern Recognition
S100 Proteins

Figure

• 

  Figure 1. DAMPs as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. DAMPs are released upon cellular stress or tissue injury and activate the innate immune system by interacting with PRRs to produce proinflammatory cytokines. Chronic inflammation can contribute to the development of various inflammatory diseases, which in turn stimulate the secretion of DAMPs, thus establishing a vicious cycle of DAMPs production and inflammation.

Reference

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