J Nutr Health.  2018 Aug;51(4):330-339. 10.4163/jnh.2018.51.4.330.

Dietary status of young children in Korea based on the data of 2013 ~ 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

• Kim EK
• Song B
• Ju SY

• KMID: 2419504
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2018.51.4.330

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study examined the dietary habits and nutritional status of young children in Korea.
METHODS
Data were collected from the 2013 ~ 2015 KNHNES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) by health behavior interviews and the 24-hour dietary recall method. This study included 1,214 (445 aged 1 ~ 2 years, 769 aged 3 ~ 5 years) young children aged 1 ~ 5 years. To analyze the dietary status of young children, the general characteristics of young children and their mothers, their dietary behaviors and health factors, and nutritional status and frequently consumed foods were analyzed.
RESULTS
The starting time of bovine milk and weaning were 14 ~ 15 months and 6.2 months, respectively. Eighty two percent of young children ate breakfast 5 ~ 7 times per week while only 2.3% of them skipped breakfast. The highest percentage (35.8%) of the frequency of eating-out was 5 ~ 6 times per week. The prevalence of asthma, atopy, and allergic rhinitis was significantly higher in young children 3 ~ 5 years old than in those 1 ~ 2 years old. The subjects with lower recommended energy intake were 44.1% and 57.4% of young children 1 ~ 2 years old and 3 ~ 5 years old, respectively. Most nutrients except calcium and potassium were taken enough. For the intakes of calcium and potassium, 51% and 64% of young children 1 ~ 2 years and 3 ~ 5 years old, respectively, were taking less than the recommended calcium intake, and 79.5% and 75.5% of young children 1 ~ 2 years and 3 ~ 5 years old, respectively, did not meet the recommended potassium intake. The frequently consumed foods of young children 1 ~ 2 years old were milk, white rice, apple, curd yogurt, and egg, and those of 3 ~ 5 years old children were milk, white rice, apple, egg, and mandarin.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study can be used to provide basic data for the nutritional education of mothers and teachers and assist in the development of sustainable dietary programs for young children.

Keyword

young children; dietary habits; nutritional status; KNHNES; frequently consumed foods

MeSH Terms

Asthma
Breakfast
Calcium
Child*
Education
Energy Intake
Food Habits
Health Behavior
Humans
Korea*
Methods
Milk
Mothers
Nutrition Surveys*
Nutritional Status
Ovum
Potassium
Prevalence
Rhinitis, Allergic
Weaning
Yogurt
Calcium
Potassium

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