Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol.  2018 Jun;11(2):118-123. 10.21053/ceo.2017.01060.

The Allele 2 of the VNTR Polymorphism in the Gene That Encodes a Natural Inhibitor of IL-1β, IL-1RA Is Favorably Associated With Chronic Otitis Media

• Živković M
• Kolić I
• Jesić S
• Jotić A
• Stanković A

• KMID: 2412669
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2017.01060

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Chronic otitis media (COM) is followed by irreversible tissue damage and destruction of the middle ear structures, with the possibility of complications under the maintenance of inflammation. Inflammatory mediators such as cytokines play a crucial role in the initial stage of inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the polymorphisms in two innate immunity/inflammation cascade genes from interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene cluster with COM with regard to cholesteatoma.
METHODS
In the cross-sectional case-control study, DNA samples were collected from 189 patients with COM and 119 controls from a population of Serbia. The +3953 C/T (rs1143634), TaqI polymorphism in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) gene and 86 bp variable number tandem repeat (VNTR, rs2234663) polymorphism in the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
The IL-1β TaqI polymorphism was not significantly different in patients compared with the control group. The significant difference between patients and controls was observed for both, genotype and allele frequencies of IL-1RA VNTR polymorphism (chi-square P < 0.01). We found that carriers of IL-1RA allele 2 (odds ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.29 to 0.76; P=0.004) have a favorable association with COM, using multivariate logistic analysis that included both polymorphisms, age and sex. The IL-1RA allele frequency distribution was significantly different with regard to cholesteatoma.
CONCLUSION
The carriers of allele 2 of VNTR IL-1RA polymorphism had a decreased odds ratio for COM, which is in agreement with findings in other inflammatory disease and its previous association with higher IL-1RA levels. Possible down-regulation of IL-1 mediated proinflammatory signaling pathways via IL-1RA in COM as well as results of our study should be further investigated and replicated.

Keyword

Interleukin-1Beta; Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist; Genetic Polymorphism; Otitis Media; Cholesteatoma

MeSH Terms

Alleles*
Case-Control Studies
Cholesteatoma
Cytokines
DNA
Down-Regulation
Ear, Middle
Gene Frequency
Genotype
Humans
Inflammation
Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein*
Interleukin-1
Interleukin-1beta
Multigene Family
Odds Ratio
Otitis Media*
Otitis*
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymorphism, Genetic
Serbia
Tandem Repeat Sequences
Cytokines
DNA
Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
Interleukin-1
Interleukin-1beta

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