J Vet Sci.  2018 May;19(3):350-357. 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.3.350.

Dembo polymerase chain reaction technique for detection of bovine abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory disease complex infectious agents in potential vectors and reservoirs

• Rahpaya SS
• Tsuchiaka
• Kishimoto
• Oba M
• Katayama Y
• Nunomura Y
• Kokawa S
• Kimura T
• Kobayashi
• Kirino Y
• Okabayashi T
• Nonaka N
• Mekata H
• Aoki H
• Shiokawa M
• Umetsu M
• Morita T
• Hasebe A
• Otsu K
• Asai T
• Yamaguchi
• Makino S
• Murata Y
• Abi AJ
• Omatsu T
• Mizutani T

• KMID: 2412125
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2018.19.3.350

Abstract

Bovine abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory disease complexes, caused by infectious agents, result in high and significant economic losses for the cattle industry. These pathogens are likely transmitted by various vectors and reservoirs including insects, birds, and rodents. However, experimental data supporting this possibility are scarce. We collected 117 samples and screened them for 44 bovine abortive, diarrheal, and respiratory disease complex pathogens by using Dembo polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is based on TaqMan real-time PCR. Fifty-seven samples were positive for at least one pathogen, including bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine enterovirus, Salmonella enterica ser. Dublin, Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium, and Neospora caninum; some samples were positive for multiple pathogens. Bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine enterovirus were the most frequently detected pathogens, especially in flies, suggesting an important role of flies in the transmission of these viruses. Additionally, we detected the N. caninum genome from a cockroach sample for the first time. Our data suggest that insects (particularly flies), birds, and rodents are potential vectors and reservoirs of abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory infectious agents, and that they may transmit more than one pathogen at the same time.

Keyword

Dembo polymerase chain reaction; cattle; disease reservoirs; disease vectors; virulence factors

MeSH Terms

Animals
Birds
Cattle
Cockroaches
Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral
Diarrhea*
Diptera
Disease Reservoirs
Disease Vectors
Enterovirus
Enterovirus, Bovine
Genome
Insects
Neospora
Polymerase Chain Reaction*
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Rodentia
Salmonella enterica
Virulence Factors
Virulence Factors

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