J Nutr Health.  2017 Apr;50(2):171-179. 10.4163/jnh.2017.50.2.171.

Comparative analysis of dietary behavior and nutrient intake of elderly in urban and rural areas for development of “Village Lunch Table” program: Based on 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data

• Lee Y
• Choi Y
• Park HR
• Song KH
• Lee KE
• Yoo CH
• Lim YS

• KMID: 2407330
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.2.171

Abstract

PURPOSE
We conducted comparative analysis of dietary behavior and food and nutrient intakes of Korean elderly in urban and rural areas using the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
METHODS
This study was conducted on 1,239 participants (urban elderly: 867, rural elderly: 372) aged 65 years and over who participated in the health examination and nutrition survey in the 6th 2014 KNHANES. Dietary behaviors, including skipping meals, eating out frequencies, and food and nutrient intakes were analyzed using 24-hour recall data. Analysis of complex sample design data through SPSS 19.0 was used for the analysis.
RESULTS
The rate of skipping dinner was higher in urban (6.5%) than in rural elderly (3.6%) (p < 0.05), and the frequency of eating out per week of urban elderly (1.73) was higher than that of rural elderly (1.35) (p < 0.001). The rural elderly consumed a greater amount of grain compared to urban elderly, whereas consumption of water, seaweed food, and dairy products was lower in rural than in urban areas (p < 0.05). The rural elderly consumed significantly less highly unsaturated fatty acids, n-6 fatty acids, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, carotene, niacin, and vitamin C in comparison with elderly in urban areas. Comparison of the percentages of Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) between the two groups showed that intakes of vitamin A and vitamin C were significantly lower in the rural elderly than in urban elderly.
CONCLUSION
The elderly in rural areas showed unbalanced food and nutrient intakes compared to the elderly in urban areas. Therefore, customized nutrition education according to residential areas should be developed and provided to rural elderly to improve their health and nutritional status.

Keyword

elderly; dietary behavior; nutritional status; KNHANES

MeSH Terms

Aged*
Ascorbic Acid
Carotenoids
Dairy Products
Eating
Education
Fatty Acids, Omega-6
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
Humans
Iron
Korea*
Lunch*
Meals
Niacin
Nutrition Surveys*
Nutritional Status
Phosphorus
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Seaweed
Vitamin A
Water
Ascorbic Acid
Carotenoids
Fatty Acids, Omega-6
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
Iron
Niacin
Phosphorus
Vitamin A
Water

Reference

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