Allergy Asthma Respir Dis.  2018 Jan;6(1):41-46. 10.4168/aard.2018.6.1.41.

Relationship of serum vitamin D and interleukin-31 levels to allergic or nonallergic rhinitis in children

• Park SJ
• Soh JE
• Park MS
• Jung HL
• Shim JW
• Kim DS
• Shim JY

• KMID: 2403184
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2018.6.1.41

Abstract

PURPOSE
Serum vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25[OH] D) and interleukin-31 (IL-31) are related to atopic dermatitis, but their relationship with allergic rhinitis is unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of serum IL-31 and 25 (OH) D between the allergic rhinitis (AR), nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), and control groups and to investigate the relationship between IL-31 and 25 (OH) D.
METHODS
We recruited 59 children with only rhinitis and 33 controls without any allergic diseases. Serum IL-31 and 25(OH) D levels were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The patients were considered to have atopic sensitization if the levels of serum specific IgE to inhalant allergens as assessed using immunoCAP were ≥0.35 IU/mL or if they tested positive for one or more allergens by the skin prick test.
RESULTS
Of children with rhinitis, 25 had nonatopy (NAR), and 34 children had atopy (AR). Serum 25(OH) D levels were significantly lower in the rhinitis group than in the control group, while there was no significant difference serum 25(OH) D levels between the AR and NAR groups. Children with rhinitis demonstrated higher serum IL-31 levels than controls; however, there was no difference in serum IL-31 levels between the AR and NAR groups. Serum 25(OH) D levels were inversely correlated with serum IL-31 levels and blood eosinophil counts. On the other hand, serum 25(OH) D levels were not correlated with total serum IgE levels.
CONCLUSION
Serum 25(OH) D and IL-31 may play a role in the pathogenesis of rhinitis via mechanisms other than IgE-related pathway.

Keyword

Allergic rhinitis; Nonallergic rhinitis; Interleukin-31; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Vitamin D

MeSH Terms

Allergens
Child*
Chromatography, Liquid
Dermatitis, Atopic
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Eosinophils
Hand
Humans
Immunoglobulin E
Rhinitis*
Rhinitis, Allergic
Skin
Vitamin D*
Vitamins*
Allergens
Immunoglobulin E
Vitamin D
Vitamins

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Correlations between serum logVitD and logIL-31 levels (A), between serum logVitD and logTEC levels (B), and between serum logVitD and logIgE levels (C). There were significant negative correlations between logVitD and logIL-31 levels and between logVitD and logTEC levels. Levels of logVitD showed no correlation to logIgE levels. LogTEC, logarithmic transformation of blood total eosinophil count; LogIgE, logarithmic transformation of serum total IgE; LogVitD, logarithmic transformation of serum vitamin D; LogIL-31, logarithmic transformation of serum IL-31.

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