Clin Exp Vaccine Res.  2013 Jan;2(1):4-7.

Vaccines today, vaccines tomorrow: a perspective

• Loucq C

Abstract

Vaccines are considered as one of the major contributions of the 20th century and one of the most cost effective public health interventions. The International Vaccine Institute has as a mission to discover, develop and deliver new and improved vaccines against infectious diseases that affects developing nations. If Louis Pasteur is known across the globe, vaccinologists like Maurice Hilleman, Jonas Salk and Charles Merieux are known among experts only despite their contribution to global health. Thanks to a vaccine, smallpox has been eradicated, polio has nearly disappeared, Haemophilus influenzae B, measles and more recently meningitis A are controlled in many countries. While a malaria vaccine is undergoing phase 3, International Vaccine Institute, in collaboration with an Indian manufacturer has brought an oral inactivated cholera vaccine to pre-qualification. The field of vaccinology has undergone major changes thanks to philanthropists such as Bill and Melinda Gates, initiatives like the Decade of Vaccines and public private partnerships. Current researches on vaccines have more challenging targets like the dengue viruses, malaria, human immunodeficiency virus, the respiratory syncytial virus and nosocomial diseases. Exciting research is taking place on new adjuvants, nanoparticles, virus like particles and new route of administration. An overcrowded infant immunization program, anti-vaccine groups, immunizing a growing number of elderlies and delivering vaccines to difficult places are among challenges faced by vaccinologists and global health experts.

Keyword

Vaccinology; International Vaccine Institute; Impact of vaccines; Vaccines of the future; Inactivated oral cholera vaccine

MeSH Terms

Cholera
Communicable Diseases
Cooperative Behavior
Dengue Virus
Developing Countries
Haemophilus influenzae
HIV
Humans
Hypogonadism
Immunization Programs
Infant
Malaria
Measles
Meningitis
Missions and Missionaries
Mitochondrial Diseases
Nanoparticles
Ophthalmoplegia
Poliomyelitis
Public Health
Public-Private Sector Partnerships
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
Smallpox Vaccine
Vaccines
Viruses
Hypogonadism
Mitochondrial Diseases
Ophthalmoplegia
Smallpox Vaccine
Vaccines

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Vaccines developed since 1798, an exponential growth [3]. BCG, bacillus Calmette-Guérin; IPV, inactivated polio vaccine; OPV, oral polio vaccine; Hib, Haemophilus influenzae type b; JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus; OspA, outer surface protein A; HPV, human papillomavirus; WC, whole-cell.

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