J Bone Metab.  2014 Feb;21(1):8-20.

Bone Biology and Anabolic Therapies for Bone: Current Status and Future Prospects

• Martin TJ

Abstract

Bone is continuously remodelled at many sites asynchronously throughout the skeleton, with bone formation and resorption balanced at these sites to retain bone structure. Negative balance resulting in bone loss and osteoporosis, with consequent fractures, has mainly been prevented or treated by anti-resorptive drugs that inhibit osteoclast formation and/or activity, with new prospects now of anabolic treatments that restore bone that has been lost. The anabolic effectiveness of parathyroid hormone has been established, and an exciting new prospect is presented of neutralising antibody against the osteocyte protein, sclerostin. The cellular actions of these two anabolic treatments differ, and the mechanisms will need to be kept in mind in devising their best use. On present evidence it seems likely that treatment with either of these anabolic agents will need to be followed by anti-resorptive treatment in order to maintain bone that has been restored. No matter how effective anabolic therapies for the skeleton become, it seems highly likely that there will be a continuing need for safe, effective anti-resorptive drugs.

Keyword

Anabolic agents; Bone and bones; Bone density conservation agents

MeSH Terms

Anabolic Agents
Bone and Bones
Bone Density Conservation Agents
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes
Osteogenesis
Osteoporosis
Parathyroid Hormone
Skeleton
Anabolic Agents
Bone Density Conservation Agents
Parathyroid Hormone