J Nutr Health.  2017 Feb;50(1):64-73. 10.4163/jnh.2017.50.1.64.

Relationship of sodium consumption with obesity in Korean adults based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010~2014

• Cheon SY
• Wang HW
• Lee HJ
• Hwang KM
• Yoon HS
• Kang YJ

• KMID: 2377982
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.1.64

Abstract

PURPOSE
Excess sodium intake may contribute to the etiology of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily sodium intake of less than 2 g. The aim of this study was to estimate the association of sodium intake with obesity in Korean adults.
METHODS
This study used Dietary intake and Health data on 22,321 subjects aged 30 years and over from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010~2014. Information on dietary intake was obtained by the one day 24-hour recall method in KNHANES, and sodium intake was classified into five groups (< 2,000 mg, 2,000~4,000 mg, 4,000~6,000 mg, 6,000~8,000 mg, ≥ 8,000 mg). Obesity was defined as having a body mass index (BMI) higher than 25 kg/m². Intake of sodium and obesity status were analyzed by logistic regression with SPSS Statistics 23.
RESULTS
Men tended to have a higher sodium intake than women (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, year, daily energy intake, education level, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, and chronic diseases and comparing the highest sodium intake group (≥ 8,000 mg) with the lowest intake group (< 2,000 mg), the OR of obesity was 1.351 (95% CI: 1.032~1.767) in men. The OR of obesity in the sodium intake group (4,000~6,000 mg) was 1.232 (95% CI: 1.063~1.427) in women.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest an independent relationship between sodium intake and as increased risk of obesity in Korean adults, implying the necessity for future research on low-sodium diet intervention in relation to obesity.

Keyword

sodium intake; energy intake; obesity; body mass index

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular Diseases
Chronic Disease
Diet, Sodium-Restricted
Drinking
Education
Energy Intake
Female
Humans
Hypertension
Korea*
Logistic Models
Male
Methods
Motor Activity
Nutrition Surveys*
Obesity*
Smoke
Smoking
Sodium*
World Health Organization
Smoke
Sodium

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Flow chart of subject's selection

Reference

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