J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2017 Apr;47(2):106-115. 10.5051/jpis.2017.47.2.106.

A resonance frequency analysis of sandblasted and acid-etched implants with different diameters: a prospective clinical study during the initial healing period

• Kim HJ
• Kim YK
• Joo JY
• Lee JY

• KMID: 2377745
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2017.47.2.106

Abstract

PURPOSE
The possibility of immediate or early loading has become popular in implant dentistry. A prerequisite for the immediate or early loading of an implant prosthesis is the achievement of initial stability in the implant. Moreover, in response to clinicians' interest in verifying clinical stability to determine the optimal time point for functional loading, a non-invasive method to assess implant stability has been developed on the basis of resonance frequency analysis (RFA). The primary objective of this study was to monitor the stability of sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (SLA) implants with different diameters during the early phases of healing by RFA. The secondary objective was to evaluate how the initial stability of implants varied depending on different surface modifications and other contributing factors.
METHODS
Thirty-five implants (25 SLA implants and 10 resorbable blasting media [RBM] implants) placed in 20 subjects were included. To measure implant stability, RFA was performed at baseline and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10 weeks after surgery.
RESULTS
The longitudinal changes in the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were similar for the SLA implants with different diameters and for the RBM implants. During the initial healing period, the ISQ decreased after installation and reached its lowest values at 1 week and 2 weeks, respectively. The mean ISQ values in the SLA implants were significantly higher in Ø 5.0 mm implants than in Ø 4.0 mm implants. Men showed a higher ISQ than women. Mandibular sites showed a higher ISQ than maxillary sites.
CONCLUSIONS
All implants used in this study are suitable for immediate or early loading under appropriate indications. A wider diameter and SLA surface treatment of implants could improve the stability, if the implant is fixed with at least 30 Ncm of insertion torque.

Keyword

Dental implants; Immediate dental implant loading; Osseointegration

MeSH Terms

Clinical Study*
Dental Implants
Dentistry
Female
Humans
Immediate Dental Implant Loading
Male
Methods
Osseointegration
Prospective Studies*
Prostheses and Implants
Torque
Dental Implants

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Clinical photography of 1-stage implant surgery. (A) Preoperative view. (B) Flap was reflected via midcrestal incision. (C) The final osteotomy was performed according to the manufacturer's protocol. (D) After confirmation that the initial stability of the fixture was at least 30 Ncm, a healing abutment was connected. The overlying flap was repositioned using single interrupted sutures.

• 

  Figure 2 Clinical photography of measurement of implant stability. (A) After attaching a magnetic peg to the fixture, the Osstell® Mentor was used to measure the ISQ. (B) The ISQ value was visible on the screen of the device.ISQ: implant stability quotient.

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