Korean Circ J.  2017 Jan;47(1):107-114. 10.4070/kcj.2016.0160.

Kawasaki Disease with Fever and Cervical Lymphadenopathy as the Sole Initial Presentation

• Jun WY
• Ann YK
• Kim JY
• Son JS
• Kim SJ
• Yang HS
• Bae SH
• Chung S
• Kim KS

• KMID: 2365289
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2016.0160

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Some patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) present with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy alone. The purpose of this study was to characterize the clinical features of these unusual KD patients and determine whether this is a severe form of KD associated with increased risks of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery lesions (CALs).
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
A total of 146 children with KD were reviewed retrospectively, and classified into two groups according to initial clinical features. Those presenting with only fever and cervical lymphadenopathy (LKD) were classified as LKD patients. Other-KD patients included all except the LKD patients.
RESULTS
Among 146 KD patients, 13 (8.9%) were classified as LKD patients. The LKD patients were significantly older and admitted earlier. The duration between fever onset and KD diagnosis was significantly longer in the LKD patients (5.9 days vs. 4.9 days, p=0.023). The frequency of IVIG resistance was not different between the two groups., In the LKD patients, the incidence of CALs was significantly higher in the acute phase, and without significant difference in the convalescent phase. The percentage of neutrophils and C-reactive protein, albumin, and total bilirubin levels were significantly higher in LKD patients.
CONCLUSION
Even though LKD patients were older, admitted earlier, and had higher inflammatory marker levels, they did not have a greater risk of CALs or IVIG resistance. However, echocardiography may be helpful in the acute stage if patients have only fever and cervical lymphadenopathy and are unresponsive to empirical antibiotics.

Keyword

Lymphadenopathy; Neck; Coronary arteries; Kawasaki disease

MeSH Terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bilirubin
C-Reactive Protein
Child
Coronary Vessels
Diagnosis
Echocardiography
Fever*
Humans
Immunoglobulins
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
Incidence
Lymphatic Diseases*
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*
Neck
Neutrophils
Retrospective Studies
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bilirubin
C-Reactive Protein
Immunoglobulins
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous

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