Tissue Eng Regen Med.  2016 Feb;13(1):57-65. 10.1007/s13770-015-9066-x.

Extracellular Calcium-Binding Peptide-Modified Ceramics Stimulate Regeneration of Calvarial Bone Defects

• Kim JA
• Choi YA
• Yun HS
• Bae YC
• Shin HI
• Park EK

• KMID: 2360867
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-015-9066-x

Abstract

Secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich (SPARC)-related modular calcium binding 1 (SMOC1) has been implicated in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In this study, we found that a peptide (16 amino acids in length), which is located in the extracellular calcium (EC) binding domain of SMOC1, stimulated osteogenic differentiation of human BMSCs in vitro and calvarial bone regeneration in vivo. Treatment of BMSCs with SMOC1-EC peptide significantly stimulated their mineralization in a dose-dependent manner without changing their rate of proliferation. The expression of osteogenic differentiation marker genes, including type 1 collagen and osteocalcin, also increased in a dose-dependent manner. To examine the effect of the SMOC1-EC peptide on bone formation in vivo, the peptide was covalently immobilized onto hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) particles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the peptide was successfully immobilized onto the surface of HA/β-TCP. Implantation of the SMOC1-EC peptide-immobilized HA/β-TCP particles into mouse calvarial defects and subsequent analyses using microcomputed tomography and histology showed significant bone regeneration compared with that of calvarial defects implanted with unmodified HA/β-TCP particles. Collectively, our data suggest that a peptide derived from the EC domain of SMOC1 induces osteogenic differentiation of human BMSCs in vitro and efficiently enhances bone regeneration in vivo.

Keyword

Secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich-related modular calcium binding 1; Extracellular calcium domain; Peptide; Hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate; Osteogenesis; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

MeSH Terms

Amino Acids
Animals
Bone Marrow
Bone Regeneration
Calcium
Ceramics*
Collagen Type I
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Mice
Miners
Osteocalcin
Osteogenesis
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Regeneration*
X-Ray Microtomography
Amino Acids
Calcium
Collagen Type I
Osteocalcin