J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc.  2016 Aug;55(3):256-263. 10.4306/jknpa.2016.55.3.256.

Study on Cognitive Reserve in Korea Using Korean Version of Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire

• Choi CH
• Park S
• Park HJ
• Cho Y
• Sohn BK
• Lee JY

• KMID: 2351552
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2016.55.3.256

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate cognitive reserve in Korea using Korean version of Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (K-CRIq) and to investigate the effects of gender and age on cognitive reserve.
METHODS
Three hundred and fifty-eight healthy subjects aged 25-85 years old in one community participated in the study. K-CRIq was developed and administered to all subjects to assess the effects of gender and age on cognitive reserve. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were administered to subjects over 65 years old to test concurrent validity.
RESULTS
Age and gender as well as their interaction significantly affected Cognitive Reserve Index (CRI) score. Men had higher cognitive reserve than women over 45 years old, but at younger ages there was no gender difference in cognitive reserve. CRI score and sub-scores were strongly associated with the MMSE and MoCA.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that the gender effect on cognitive reserve is disappearing in the young generation in Korea. Scores in neuropsychological tests are predicted well by the CRI score.

Keyword

Cognitive reserve; Aging; Gender

MeSH Terms

Aging
Cognitive Reserve*
Female
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Korea*
Male
Methylenebis(chloroaniline)
Neuropsychological Tests
Methylenebis(chloroaniline)

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Scatter-plots and regression lines of raw scores of CRI-education, CRI-working activity, and CRI-leisure time. CRI : Cognitive Reserve Index.

• 

  Fig. 2 Barplots displaying the means (with corresponding standard errors) of CRI and sub-scores in gender and age groups. * : p<0.05, † : p<0.001. CRI : Cognitive Reserve Index.

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