J Korean Geriatr Psychiatry.
2021 Oct;25(2):128-138. 10.47825/jkgp.2021.25.2.128.
Effect of Lifetime Cognitive Reserve on Functional Connectivity in the Default Mode Network at the Predementia Stage
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- 2Gachon Brain Health Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
- 3Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
- 4Department of Clinical Psychology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
- 5Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- 6Department of Radiological Science, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
- 7Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2522235
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.47825/jkgp.2021.25.2.128
Abstract
Objective
Cognitive reserve (CR) protects against cognitive decline by utilizing functional connectivity (FC) in the brain, such as the default mode network (DMN). We studied whether CR in individuals with predementia would correlate with better cognition and increased DMN FC in the resting brain.
Methods
Fifty-four participants with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment completed the Cognitive Reserve Index (CRI) questionnaire, and underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Correlation and regression analyses for clinical variables and seed-to-voxel analyses of CR-related FC in the DMN were conducted.
Results
CRI total (β=0.42, p=0.001), education (β=0.39, p=0.001), and leisure time (β=0.33, p=0.009) predicted the MiniMental State Examination. The CRI education predicted verbal memory recall (β=0.32, p=0.017), confrontational naming (β=0.57, p<0.001), and phonemic fluency (β=0.43, p=0.004). In the DMN in the resting brain, the CRI total correlated with increased FC, based on the posterior cingulate to both lateral parietal cortices.
Conclusion
In individuals with predementia, comprehensive CR correlated with an enhanced network in the DMN in the resting state. These results may support the neural correlate of CR during the initial stage of cognitive decline.
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