Sleep Med Psychophysiol.  2004 Jun;11(1):17-21.

Nasal Diseases and Its Impact on Sleep Apnea and Snoring

• Kim CH
• Rhee CS

Abstract

Nasal congestion is one of the most common symptoms of medical complaints. Snoring is caused by vibration of the uvula and the soft palate. Nasal obstruction may contribute not only to snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but also impair application of continuous nasal positive airway pressure (CPAP), which is the most widely employed treatment for OSA. Total or near-total nasal obstruction leads to mouth breathing and has been shown to cause increased airway resistance. However, the exact role of the nasal airway in the pathogenesis of OSA is not clear and there is no consensus about the role of nasal obstruction in snoring and sleep apnea. Some reports have failed to demonstrate any correlation between snoring and nasal obstruction. On the other hand, opposing reports suggest that nasal disease may cause sleep disorders and that snoring can be improved after nasoseptal surgery. Reduced cross-sectional area causes increased nasal resistance and predisposes the patient to inspiratory collapse of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or both. Discrete abnormalities of the nasal airway, such as septal deformities, nasal polyps, and choanal atresia and with certain mucosal conditions such as sinusitis, allergic rhinitis and inferior turbinate hypertrophy can cause snoring or OSA. Thus, these sources of nasal obstruction should be corrected medically or surgically for the effective management of OSA and adjunctive for CPAP.

Keyword

Obstructive sleep apnea; Snoring; Nose

MeSH Terms

Airway Resistance
Choanal Atresia
Congenital Abnormalities
Consensus
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)
Hand
Humans
Hypertrophy
Hypopharynx
Mouth Breathing
Nasal Obstruction
Nasal Polyps
Nose
Nose Diseases*
Oropharynx
Palate, Soft
Rhinitis
Sinusitis
Sleep Apnea Syndromes*
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
Sleep Wake Disorders
Snoring*
Turbinates
Uvula
Vibration
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)