Psychiatry Investig.
2011 Jun;8(2):102-106.
Relationship between Personality and Insomnia in Panic Disorder Patients
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. bhyu@skku.ac.kr
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Goyang, Korea.
- 4Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Ewha Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
- 5Department of Psychiatry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Panic disorder (PD) is frequently comorbid with insomnia, which could exacerbate panic symptoms and contribute to PD relapse. Research has suggested that characteristics are implicated in both PD and insomnia. However, there are no reports examining whether temperament and character affect insomnia in PD. Thus, we examined the relationship between insomnia and personality characteristics in PD patients.
METHODS
Participants were 101 patients, recruited from 6 university hospitals in Korea, who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for PD. We assessed sleep outcomes using the sleep items of 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17)(item 4=onset latency, item 5=middle awakening, and item 6=early awakening) and used the Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised-Short to assess personality characteristics. To examine the relationship between personality and insomnia, we used analysis of variance with age, sex, and severity of depression (total HAMD scores minus sum of the three sleep items) as the covariates.
RESULTS
There were no statistical differences (p>0.1) in demographic and clinical data between patients with and without insomnia. Initial insomnia (delayed sleep onset) correlated to a high score on the temperamental dimension of novelty seeking 3 (NS3)(F1,96=6.93, p=0.03). There were no statistical differences (p>0.1) in NS3 between patients with and without middle or terminal insomnia.
CONCLUSION
The present study suggests that higher NS3 is related to the development of initial insomnia in PD and that temperament and character should be considered when assessing sleep problems in PD patients.
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