Korean J Hematol.  1998 Aug;33(2):289-294.

A Case of Invasive Aspergillosis Manifestated by Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

• Mun BS
• Kim HC
• Lee SH
• Kwak JY
• Yim CY

Abstract

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is frequent in patients with acute leukemia and results in significant morbidity and mortality among neutropenic patients. Although the lung is a common site of this disease, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum is rare as initial manifestations of IA. A 22-year-old male was admitted to the hospital due to aggrevated dyspnea, productive cough, fever and nasal bleeding. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, M2) was diagnosed. His clinical course was aggrevated despite patient was treated with empirical antibiotics. Chest X-ray and high-resolution computed tomography showed pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum on the left thorax. The clinical course was improved after closed thoracostomy and empirical amphotericin B therapy for the fungal infections was started. IA was pathologically diagnosed by his sputum contained a mucus plug. His symptoms and radiological lesions were completely resolved after amphotericin B therapy alone with a total doses of 2.58g. We report a case of IA complicated by pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in acute myelogenous leukemia with the review of literatures.

Keyword

Acute myelogenous leukemia; Invasive aspergillosis; Pneumothorax; Pneumomediastinum

MeSH Terms

Amphotericin B
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Aspergillosis*
Cough
Dyspnea
Epistaxis
Fever
Humans
Leukemia
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*
Lung
Male
Mediastinal Emphysema*
Mortality
Mucus
Pneumothorax*
Sputum
Thoracostomy
Thorax
Young Adult
Amphotericin B
Anti-Bacterial Agents