Korean J Community Nutr.  2013 Aug;18(4):402-412. 10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.4.402.

Effectiveness of Nutrition Education and Counseling on the Salty Taste Assessment, Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Attitude of Hemodialysis Patients

• Lee YM
• Lee YK

• KMID: 2267534
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2013.18.4.402

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education and counseling on the salty taste assessment, nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude of 21 hemodialysis patients. Five times of the nutrition education and three times of nutrition counseling were performed for a period of 5 months. Biochemical analysis revealed that creatinine was significantly high (p < 0.001), blood urea nitrogen and serum albumin were significantly low (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) and Na, K, Cl, K, P and uric acid were not significantly different. The distribution rate of unsalty taste preference were significantly high and the distribution rate of salty taste preference were significantly low after nutrition education and counseling (p < 0.001). Nutrition knowledge significantly improved following 5th month of education and counseling (p < 0.01). Particularly, the scores for questions related to sodium were improved. The dietary attitude was significantly improved during the counseling period (p < 0.05). There were improvements in responses to 'use food exchange list on diet' and 'habitually add salt or soy sauce before the meal'. According to these results, salty taste assessment, nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude were significantly improved by the hemodialysis diet therapy practices of hemodialysis patients. Therefore, we conclude that there was a need for low-salt diet education and nutrition counseling to help them recognize the taste of low-salt foods and strive towards a preference for less salty tasting foods and the consumption of a low-salt diet.

Keyword

hemodialysis; nutrition education; salty taste assessment; nutrition knowledge; dietary attitude

MeSH Terms

Blood Urea Nitrogen
Counseling
Creatinine
Diet, Sodium-Restricted
Humans
Nutrition Assessment
Renal Dialysis
Serum Albumin
Sodium
Soy Foods
Uric Acid
Creatinine
Serum Albumin
Sodium
Uric Acid

Reference

1. Cho YH, Yoon JB, Kim SR. Effect of hemodialysis on taste acuity in patient with end-stage renal disease. Korean J Nephrol. 1999; 18(2):307–312.

2. Cho YW, Kim GB. The present status of nutrition education in medical area - centered on the status of Korea. Proceedings of 1989 fall conference of the Korean Nutrition Society. 1998. p. 52–56.

3. Guthrie HA, Crocetti AF. Variability of nutrition intake over a 3-day peroid. J Am Diet Assoc. 1985; 85(3):325–327.

4. Han DS. Dietetic theraphy of chronic renal failure. Korean J Intern Med. 1989; 37(1):1–10.

5. Jang YG, Byeon GW, Lee BG, Lee JH, Lee HM, Jo YY. Medical nutrition therapy. Seoul: Hyoil;2006. p. 341–355.

6. Jeon SY, Kang GY, YU MH. Diet therapy. Seoul: Gwanmungak;1993. p. 235–256.

7. Jung HJ. Effect of nutrition education and counseling on dietary therapy action in type diabetes patients. Kyungpook National University;2011. 4261–62. MS thesis.

8. Kang SS. Effect of pre-dialysis nutrition education on nutritional status of hemodialysis patients. Ewha womens University;2003. MS thesis.

9. Kim HH, Shin EK, Lee HJ, Lee NH, Chun BY, Ahn MY, Lee YK. Evaluation of the effectiveness of a salt reduction program for employees. Korean J Nutr. 2009; 42(4):350–357.

10. Kim HJ, Kim SA, Sohn CM. Association of the nutritional status and essential amino acids intake in hemodialysis patients. Korean J Nutr. 2006; 39(7):617–623.

11. Kim JY, Kwon KH, Choi HY, Kim KS, Yang YK. Comparison of nutritional status according to serum C-reactive protein concentration in hemodialysis patients. Korean J Nephrol. 2000a; 19(3):461–467.

12. Kim SM, Lee YS, Cho DK. Nutritional assessment of the hemodialysis patients. Korean J Nutr. 2000b; 33(2):179–185.

13. Kim , YH , Seo HJ, Kim SR. A study of the nutritional status, nutritional knowledge, and dietary habits of the hemodialysis patients. Korean J Nutr. 2001; 34(8):920–928.

14. Kopple JD. Abnormal amino acid and protein metabolism in uremia. Kidney Int. 1978; 14(4):340–348.

15. Kopple JD. Nutrition, Diet and the Kidney. 7th Ed. Philadelphia: 1988. p. 1230–1286.

16. Kopple JD. Protein-energy malnutrition in maintenance dialysis patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997; 65(5):1544–1577.

17. Kopple JD, Jones M, Fukuda S, Swendseid ME. Amino acid and protein metabolism in renal failure. Am J Clin Nutr. 1978; 31(9):1532–1540.

18. Korea Health Industry Development Institute. National food & nutrition statistics: based on 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 2012.

19. Lee HT, Cho S, Lee SH, Kim SR, Kim YH, Seo HJ. Influence of routine calorie and protein intake on nutritional status in stable chronic hemodialysis patients : A 18 months follow-up study. Korean J Nephrol. 2002; 21(1):129–136.

20. Lee HW. Healthy living dialysis. Seoul: Jungmyeong;2004.

21. Lee JH, Ahn SH, Song JH. Factors influencing malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Korean J Nephrol. 2000; 19(5):778–783.

22. Lee NY, Jang YG, Park HC. The research on the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients and nutrition knowledge. In : Proceedings of 2004 fall Conference of the Korean Society of Community Nutrition (Poster Presentation); 2004. p. 423.

23. Min HS, Lee EJ. A study of relationship between compliance with therapeutic regimens and physiological parameters of hemodialysis patients. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2006; 36(1):64–73.

24. Schoenfeld PY, Henry RR, Laird NM, Roxe DM. Assessment of nutritional status of the national cooperative dailysis study population. Kidney Int Suppl. 1983; 04. (13):S80–S88.

25. Shin EK, Lee HJ, Ahn MY, Lee YK. Study on the development and evaluation of validity of salty taste assessment tool. Korean J Nutr. 2008a; 41(2):184–191.

26. Shin EK, Lee HJ, Jun SY, Park EJ, Jung YY, Ahn MY, Lee YK. Development and evaluation of nutrition education program for sodium reduction in foodservice operation. Korean J Community Nutr. 2008b; 13(2):216–227.

27. The Korean Dietetic Association. Manual of medical nutrition therapy. The 3rd ed. Seoul: The Korean Dietetic Association;2008.

28. The Korean Society Nephrology. Current renal replacement therapy in Korea. Insan mimorial dialysis registry, 2009. ESRD Registry Committee, Korea Society of Nephrology;2009. cited 2011 April 30. Available from http://www.ksn.or.kr/journal/2010/index.html.

29. Thunberg BJ, Swamy AC, Cestero RV. Cross-sectional and longitudinal nutritional measurements in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981; 34(10):2005–2012.

30. Walser M. Nutrition in renal failure. Annu Rev Nutr. 1983; 3:125–154.

31. Yang JL, Seo HJ, Kim YH. Effects of nutrition educational status of hemodialysis patients. Korean J Nutr. 2003; 36(7):749–758.

32. Youn DJ, Kim JK, Choi SJ, Choi TY, Hwang SD. Nutritional status and plasma amino acid profile in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Korean J Med. 2002; 62(5):522–529.

33. Young GA, Dibble JB, Hobson SM, Tompkins L, Gibson J, Turney JH, Brownjohn AM. The use of an amino-acid-based CAPD fluid over 12 weeks. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1989; 4(4):285–292.

34. Young GA, Kopple JD, Lindholm B, Vonesh EF, De Vecchi A, Scalamogna A, Castelnova C, Oreopoulos DG, Anderaon GH, Bergstorm J, Dichiro J, Prowant BF, Algrim CE, Martis L, Serkes KD. Nutritional assessment of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients : an international study. Am J Kidney Dis. 1991; 17(4):462–471.

35. Yu JA, Lee YW, Kim JG. A study on the perception of salt and food intake of hemodialysis patients. J Korean Public Helath Assoc. 2000; 26(1):104–115.