Allergy Asthma Immunol Res.  2014 Jul;6(4):288-295. 10.4168/aair.2014.6.4.288.

Cysteinyl Leukotrienes and Their Receptors; Emerging Concepts

• Kanaoka Y
• Boyce JA

• KMID: 2260208
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2014.6.4.288

Abstract

Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) are potent mediators of inflammation derived from arachidonic acid through the 5-lipoxygenase/leukotriene C4 synthase pathway. The derivation of their chemical structures and identification of their pharmacologic properties predated the cloning of their classical receptors and the development of drugs that modify their synthesis and actions. Recent studies have revealed unanticipated insights into the regulation of cys-LT synthesis, the function of the cys-LTs in innate and adaptive immunity and human disease, and the identification of a new receptor for the cys-LTs. This review highlights these studies and summarizes their potential pathobiologic and therapeutic implications.

Keyword

Leukotrienes; 5-lipoxygenase; asthma; AERD

MeSH Terms

Adaptive Immunity
Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase
Arachidonic Acid
Asthma
Clone Cells
Cloning, Organism
Humans
Inflammation Mediators
Leukotrienes*
Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase
Arachidonic Acid
Inflammation Mediators
Leukotrienes

Figure

• 

  Figure Cross-regulation of the cysteinyl leukotriene receptors. CysLT1R function is inhibited both by direct physical interactions with CysLT2R or GPR17, and by heterologous, PKC-dependent phosphorylation by P2Y receptors. The lack of both CysLT1R and CysLT2R amplifies cutaneous responses to LTE4, suggesting that both classical receptors cross-regulate GPR99. The requirement for P2Y12 receptors for the ability of LTE4 to amplify pulmonary eosinophilia could reflect an interaction with GPR99.

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