Korean J Med.  1997 Mar;52(3):389-399.

Comparison of Urea Kinetic Modeling, Standardized Creatinine Clearance and Indices of Nutrition in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Patients

• Lee JM
• Hu D
• Jeong YS
• Jang ID
• Bae HH
• Kim JY
• Kim JK
• Yoon MS
• Lee SR

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Protein-calorie malnutrition has been shown to be prevalent among patients on chronic dialysis, And assessment of nutritional status of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients has assumed greater importance because of the association of protein-calorie malnutrition with increasing morbidity and mortality. So we observed the incidence and clinical effect of protein-calorie malnutrition, and we compared the indices of nutrition with dialysis adequacy utilizing urea kinetic modeling and cretinine clearance in CAPD patients.
METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional study in which eight parameters, based on anthropometry, blood chemistry and subjective symptoms, were scored according to the degree of abnormalities in 82CAPD patients. A malnutrition index was derived from these scores. We also performed comparative analysis to identify significant correlations of the indices of urea kinetic modeling and creatinine clearance with the other parameters of nutritional status.
RESULTS
The malnutrition index classified 47(57%) patients as normal, 30(37%) intermediately malnourished, and 5(6%) as severely malnourished. Malnutrition index showed a significant correlation with the body mass index(BMI), triceps skinfold thickness(TSF), mid-arm circumference(MAC), mid-arm muscle area (MAMA), duration of CAPD, subjective symptoms, serum albumin, transferrin, cholesterol, and triglyceride. The malnutrition index also showed a significant correlation with residual renal function(RRF), and standardized creatinine clearance(SCCr). The TWR-Kt/V(total Kt/Vurea per week with consideration of residual renal urea clearance) was significantly lower in the severely malnourished group than in the normal group. Serum alkaline phosphatase and BUN levels were higher in the severely malnourished group than in the normal and inter-mediate groups.
CONCLUSION
In assessing the nutrition status of CAPD patients, body weight, TSF, MAC, MAMA, subjective symptoms, serum albumin, transferrin, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea nitrogen, and alkaline phosphatase were considered useful parameters. There was a trend of increased BUN and decreased TWR-Kt/V in severely malnourished patients, and the value of SCCr was significantly lower in malnourished patients. However, no meaningful relationships between TW-Kt/V and malnutrition index or between NPCR(normalized protein catabolic rate) and malnutrition index were found m this cross-sectional study. As the number of patients with longer duration of CAPD or negligible RRF has increased in the malnourished patients, regular monitoring of these parameters, especially TWR-Kt/V and SCCr, may be helpful to assess dialysis adequacy to keep good nutritional status of each CAPD patient.

MeSH Terms

Alkaline Phosphatase
Anthropometry
Body Weight
Chemistry
Cholesterol
Creatinine*
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dialysis
Humans
Incidence
Malnutrition
Mortality
Nitrogen
Nutritional Status
Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Serum Albumin
Transferrin
Triglycerides
Urea*
Alkaline Phosphatase
Cholesterol
Creatinine
Nitrogen
Serum Albumin
Transferrin
Urea