J Korean Pediatr Soc.  1994 Aug;37(8):1065-1077.

Incidence and Perinatal Risk Factors of Respiratroy Distress Syndrome of Newborn

• Chang YS
• Kim BI
• Choi JH
• Yun C

Abstract

Over a continuous 4-year period, from January 1989 till December 1992, 7,100 infants were born in Department of Obstetrics and admitted to Nursery or Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Department of Pediatrics of Seoul National University Children's Hospital. Among them, 126 cases were diagnosed as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of newborn. The total incidence of RDS among all the newborns (inborn) was 1.77%. And the incidence of RDS related to birth weight was 81.82% in infants of 500~749 g of birth weight, 68.57% in infants of 750~999 g of birth weight, 55.6% in infants of 1,000~1,249 g of birth weight, 35.71% in infants of 1,250~1,499 g of birth weight, 16.67% in infants of 1,500~1,749 g of birth weight, 9.82% in infants of 1,750~1,999 g of birth weight, 1.00%in infants of 2,000~2,249 g of birth weight, 1.29%in infants of 2,250~2,499 g of birth weight, and 0.08% in infants of more than 2,500 g of birth weight. Cumulative incidence of RDS related to birth weight was 81.82%in infants under 750 g of birth weight, 71.74% in infants under 1,000 g of birth weight, 62.39% in infants under 1,250 g of birth weight, 53.33% in infants under 1,500 g of birth weight, 39.85% in infants under 1,750 g of birth weight, 30.83% in infants under 2,000 g of birth weight, 20.42% in infants under 2,250 g of birth weight, and 13.70% in infants under 2,500 g of birth weight. The incidence of RDS related to gestational age was 83.33%, in infants under 25 weeks of gestation, 78.57% in infants at 25~26 weeks of gestation, 67.31% in infants at 27~28 weeks of gestation, 56.41%in infants at 29~30 weeks of gestation, 16.47% in infants at 31~32 weeks of gestation, 4.74% in infants at 33~34 weeks of gestation, 1.15% in infants at 35~36 weeks of gestation, and 0.05% in infants at more than 37 weeks of gestation. Cumulative incidence of RDS related to gestational age was 83.33% under 25 weeks of gestation, 80.00% under 27 weeks of gestation, 70.83% under 29 weeks of gestation, 63.33% under 31 weeks of gestation, 46.38% under 33 weeks of gestation, 27.76% under 35 weeks of gestation. Perinatal risk factors related to the incidence of RDS were analyzed by the multiple logistic regression statistical method in 595 infants, who were born under 37 weeks of gestation and under 2,500 g of birth weight in Seoul National University Hospital. The risk of RDS rose with decreasing gestational age (odds ratio=1.76, 95% CI=1.57, 1.99), with decreasing 5 minute Apgar score (odds ratio=1.23,95% CI=1.08, 1.40), while prolonged ruptrue of membranes of > 24 hours in the absence of maternal infection was highly protective (odds ratio=0.37, 95% CI=0.20, 0.70).

MeSH Terms

Apgar Score
Birth Weight
Gestational Age
Humans
Incidence*
Infant
Infant, Newborn*
Intensive Care, Neonatal
Logistic Models
Membranes
Nurseries
Obstetrics
Pediatrics
Pregnancy
Risk Factors*
Seoul