J Neurogastroenterol Motil.  2016 Apr;22(2):321-332. 10.5056/jnm15141.

The Role of Central and Enteric Nervous Systems in the Control of the Retrograde Giant Contraction

• Lang IM

• KMID: 2203586
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5056/jnm15141

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
The role of the enteric (ENS) and central (CNS) nervous systems in the control of the retrograde giant contraction (RGC) associated with vomiting is unknown.
METHODS
The effects of myotomy or mesenteric nerve transection (MNT) on apomorphine-induced emesis were investigated in 18 chronically instrumented dogs
RESULTS
Neither surgery affected the RGC orad of the surgical site or the velocity of the RGC over the entire small intestine. Myotomy blocked the RGC for 17 ± 5 cm aborad of the myotomy, and the velocity of the RGC from 100 to 70 cm from the pylorus slowed (18.1 ± 3.0 to 9.0 ± 0.8 cm/sec) such that the RGC orad and aborad of the myotomy occurred simultaneously. After MNT, the RGC was unchanged up to 66 ± 6 cm from the pylorus, and the sequence of the RGC across the denervated intestine was unaltered. The velocity of the RGC from 100 to 70 cm from the pylorus increased from 12.8 ± 1.6 to 196 ± 116 cm/sec. After myotomy or MNT, the percent occurrence and magnitude of the RGC across the intestine 100 to 70 cm from the pylorus decreased.
CONCLUSIONS
The CNS activates the RGC 10 to 20 cm aborad of its innervation of the intestine and controls the RGC sequence. On the other hand, the ENS plays a role in initiation and generation of the RGC.

Keyword

Central nervous system; Enteric nervous system; Vomiting

MeSH Terms

Animals
Central Nervous System
Dogs
Enteric Nervous System*
Hand
Intestine, Small
Intestines
Nervous System
Pylorus
Vomiting