J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg.  2012 Aug;38(4):221-230. 10.5125/jkaoms.2012.38.4.221.

Comparison of the bone healing capacity of autogenous bone, demineralized freeze dried bone allograft, and collagen sponge in repairing rabbit cranial defects

• Hur JW
• Yoon SJ
• Ryu SY

• KMID: 2189629
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2012.38.4.221

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of collagen graft materials, as compared to other graft materials, for use in healing calvarial defects in rabbits.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten mm diameter calvarial defects were made in ten rabbits. The rabbits were then divided into 4 groups: control, autogenous bone graft, SureOss graft, and Teruplug graft. Bone regeneration was evaluated using histological and radiographic methods.
RESULTS
Based on visual examination, no distinct healing profile was observed. At 4 weeks after treatment, histological analysis showed there was no bone regeneration in the control group; however, at 8 weeks after treatment, new bone formation was observed around the margin of the defective sites. In the autogenous bone graft group, new bone formation was observed at 4 weeks after treatment and mature bone was detected around the grafted bone after 8 weeks. In the SureOss graft group, at 4 weeks after treatment, acute inflammatory and multinuclear cells were noted around the grafted materials; at 8 weeks after treatment, a decrease in graft materials coupled with new bone formation were observed at the defective sites. In the Teruplug graft group, new bone formation was detected surrounding the bone margin and without signs of inflammation. There were statistically significant differences observed between the graft and control group in terms of bone density as evidenced by radiographic analysis using computed tomography (P<0.05), particularly for the autogenous bone graft group (P<0.001).
CONCLUSION
These results suggested that autogenous bone, SureOss and Teruplug have the ability to induce bone regeneration as compared to an untreated control group. The osteogenic potential of Teruplug was observed to be lower than that of autogenous bone, but similar to that of SureOss.

Keyword

Demineralized freeze dried bone allograft; Collagen sponge; Computed tomography number

MeSH Terms

Bone Density
Bone Regeneration
Collagen
Durapatite
Inflammation
Osteogenesis
Porifera
Rabbits
Transplantation, Homologous
Transplants
Collagen
Durapatite

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The four cranial defect sites were generated in a rabbit.

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  Fig. 2 The bony defected area were grafted with autogenous bone (A), SureOss (0.15 cc) (B), and Teruplug (15×4 mm) (C) separatedly in the rabbit.

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  Fig. 3 Example of computed tomography (CT) number of the defected sites measured using V-works program. (W: CT number of the water, G: CT number of the cranial defects)

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  Fig. 4 Photomicrographs of the control group in the 4th week showing loose connective tissue filled the space and little bone formation in the marginal area of the bone defect site (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 5 Photomicrographs of the autogenous cranium grafted group in the 4th week showing newly formed bone (N) around the grafted bone (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 6 Photomicrographs of the SureOss (S) graft group in the 4th week showing effective space maintenance of the graft material and emerging acute inflammatory cells and multinuclear cells (MC, arrow) around the graft material and newly formed bone from the marginal area of the bone defect site (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 7 Photomicrographs of the Teruplug graft group in the 4th week showing the loose connective tissues filled the bone defects and newly formed bone (N) (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 8 Photomicrographs of the control group in the 8th week showing loose connective tissues filled the defected site and new bone (N) formation from the edge of the bone defect (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 9 Photomicrographs of the autogenous cranial bone graft group in the 8th week showing mature bone (MB) and new bone (N) around the grafted autogenous bone (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 10 Photomicrographs of the SureOss (S) graft group in the 8th week showing decreased volume of the graft materials and newly formed bone (N) from surrounding of the graft materials and marginal area of the bone defects as well (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 11 Photomicrographs of the Teruplug graft group in the 8th week showing newly formed bone (N) at the marginal site of the bone with defect (H&E staining, A: ×10, B: ×50).

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  Fig. 12 Axial cone beam computed tomography images of control group (A) and study groups (B-D) in the 4th week. The control group shows bone defect (A), the autogenous cranial bone graft group shows radiopacity of high-density bone (B), the SureOss graft group shows the radiopacity at part of the periphery and internal area (C), and the Teruplug graft group shows radiopacity limited to its marginal area (D).

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  Fig. 13 Axial cone beam computed tomography images of control group (A) and study groups (B-D) in the 8th week after bone graft. The control group shows bone formation at the periphery (A), the autogenous cranial bone graft group shows increased radiopacity (B), the SureOss graft group shows radiopacity and radiolucency (C), and the Teruplug graft group shows increased radiopacity in the internal area (D).

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