Chonnam Med J.  2014 Aug;50(2):67-69. 10.4068/cmj.2014.50.2.67.

Polymicrobial Peritonitis with Lactococcus lactis in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient

• Lee JY
• Seo MY
• Yang J
• Kim K
• Chang H
• Kim SC
• Kim MG
• Jo SK
• Cho W
• Kim HK

• KMID: 2172162
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4068/cmj.2014.50.2.67

Abstract

Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) is an important gram-positive bacterium in dairy products. It is a rare cause of opportunistic infections with only four cases of Lactococcus peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis reported in the literature. In Korea, L. lactis infection was first reported in a liver abscess patient in 2010; however, PD peritonitis with Lactococcus has not been reported in Korea. Recently, we experienced a case of Lactococcus-associated polymicrobial PD peritonitis. The patient was initially managed with broad-coverage antibiotics; however, owing to a poor response, the PD catheter was removed and the patient was switched to hemodialysis. We discuss this case and review the literature.

Keyword

Lactococcus lactis; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritonitis

MeSH Terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Catheters
Dairy Products
Humans
Korea
Lactococcus
Lactococcus lactis*
Liver Abscess
Opportunistic Infections
Peritoneal Dialysis*
Peritonitis*
Renal Dialysis
Anti-Bacterial Agents

Figure

• 

  FIG. 1 In enhanced abdominal computed tomography imaging on hospital day 4, there was mild omental infiltration in the mid abdomen and mild peritoneal thickening in both paracolic gutters (white arrow).

Reference

1. Noh H. Peritoneal dialysis. Korean J Med. 2014; 86:138–141.

2. Li PK, Szeto CC, Piraino B, Bernardini J, Figueiredo AE, Gupta A, et al. International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis-related infections recommendations: 2010 update. Perit Dial Int. 2010; 30:393–423.

3. Kim GC, Korbet SM. Polymicrobial peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000; 36:1000–1008.

4. van Hylckama Vlieg JE, Rademaker JL, Bachmann H, Molenaar D, Kelly WJ, Siezen RJ. Natural diversity and adaptive responses of Lactococcus lactis. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2006; 17:183–190.

5. Chao CT, Lai CF, Huang JW. Lactococcus garvieae peritoneal dialysis peritonitis. Perit Dial Int. 2013; 33:100–101.

6. Guz G, Colak B, Hizel K, Suyani E, Sindel S. Peritonitis due to Lactococcus lactis in a CAPD patient. Scand J Infect Dis. 2006; 38:698–699.

7. Lafrance JP, Madore F, Quérin S. Lactococcus cremoris peritonitis in a CAPD patient. Perit Dial Int. 2006; 26:716–717.

8. Mat O, Rossi C, Beauwens R, Moenens F, Mestrez F, Muniz MC, et al. Peritonitis due to Lactococcus cremoris in an automated peritoneal dialysis patient. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003; 18:2690–2691.

9. Kim HS, Park DW, Youn YK, Jo YM, Kim JY, Song JY, et al. Liver abscess and empyema due to Lactococcus lactis cremoris. J Korean Med Sci. 2010; 25:1669–1671.

10. Rostagno C, Pecile P, Stefàno PL. Early Lactococcus lactis endocarditis after mitral valve repair: a case report and literature review. Infection. 2013; 41:897–899.