Ann Rehabil Med.  2016 Feb;40(1):120-125. 10.5535/arm.2016.40.1.120.

Relationship Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Symptoms of Depression in Stroke Patients

• Kim SH
• Seok H
• Kim DS

• KMID: 2155174
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2016.40.1.120

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the correlation between depressive symptoms and serum vitamin D levels in stroke patients.
METHODS
In total, 126 stroke patients were analyzed. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) concentration of each patient was used to determine their vitamin D status. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Functional status was evaluated with the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI). We compared the clinical questionnaires of a vitamin D-deficient group and a normal group, and evaluated the correlations between BDI-II, PHQ-9, K-MBI, and serum 25-OHD levels.
RESULTS
In the vitamin D-deficient group, BDI-II (16.0±12.1) and PHQ-9 (7.4±4.2) scores were significantly higher than those of the normal group (BDI-II, 9.1±7.2; PHQ-9, 4.2±2.9; p<0.01). In a Spearman correlation analysis, a significant negative correlation was found between serum 25-OHD levels and BDI-II (Spearman r=0.177, p=0.048), but there were no significant correlations between serum 25-OHD levels and PHQ-9 or K-MBI.
CONCLUSION
Vitamin D deficiency was correlated with the symptoms of depression in stroke patients.

Keyword

25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD); Stroke; Depression

MeSH Terms

Depression*
Humans
Stroke*
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D*
Vitamins*
Vitamin D
Vitamins

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Scatter plots of correlations between the BDI-II, PHQ-9, and K-MBI scores and serum 25-OHD levels in stroke patients. (A) Correlation between BDI-II and serum 25-OHD levels showed a significant negative correlation (Spearman r=0.205, p=0.021). (B) Correlation between PHQ-9 and serum 25-OHD levels (Spearman r=0.156, p=0.081) did not show a significant correlation. (C) Correlation between K-MBI and serum 25OHD levels (Spearman r=0.034, p=0.705) did not show a significant correlation. BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory II; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; K-MBI, Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index; 25-OHD, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

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