Infect Chemother.  2012 Apr;44(2):56-61. 10.3947/ic.2012.44.2.56.

Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Community-Onset Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremia

• Lee JA
• Kang CI
• Joo EJ
• Ha YE
• Park SY
• Chung DR
• Peck KR
• Lee NY
• Song JH

• KMID: 2054436
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2012.44.2.56

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Although healthcare-associated (HCA) Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia constitutes a significant proportion of community-onset infection cases, its clinical and microbiologic characteristics have yet to be described in detail. In this study, we sought to delineate the clinical differences between community-associated (CA) and HCA K. pneumoniae bacteremia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 240 patients infected by community-onset K. pneumoniae bacteremia were included in this study, and the data from the patients with HCA K. pneumoniae bacteremia were compared to those with the CA bacteremia. Isolates were microbiologically characterized and serotyped using a PCR method.
RESULTS
Of the total 240 patients infected with community-onset K. pneumoniae bacteremia, 140 (58.3%) were defined as HCA infection cases, and the remaining 100 patients were classified as CA infections. Multivariate analysis showed that use of percutaneous tubes, occurrence of a recent surgical operation, cases of pneumonia, neutropenia and solid tumor, and prior receipt of antibiotics were all significant factors associated with HCA bacteremia infection (all P<0.05). In terms of microbiologic characteristics, ciprofloxacin resistance (12.9% [18/140] vs. 4.0% [4/100], P=0.02) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production (12.1% [17/140] vs. 4.0% [4/100], P=0.03) were more common in HCA bacteremia than CA bacteremia, respectively. The K1 and K2 serotypes, which are considered virulent community strains, were observed to exist more frequently in CA bacteremia than in HCA bacteremia (34% [34/100] vs. 21.4% [30/140], P=0.03). The overall 30-day mortality of the study population was 17.5% (37/211), and there was a trend toward greater mortality in the HCA group than in the CA group (21.4% [27/126] vs. 11.8% [10/85]; P=0.07).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients infected with HCA bacteremia accounted for a substantial proportion of all patients with community-onset K. pneumoniae bacteremia, and showed significantly different clinical and microbiological characteristics than those infected with CA bacteremia. HCA K. pneumoniae bacteremia represented a distinct subset of community-onset bacteremia characterized by antibiotic resistant pathogens, a finding which physicians should consider in providing optimal treatment of these cases.

Keyword

Klebsiella pneumoniae; Bacteremia; Community-Acquired Infections; Cephalosporin Resistance

MeSH Terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacteremia
beta-Lactamases
Cephalosporin Resistance
Ciprofloxacin
Community-Acquired Infections
Humans
Klebsiella
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Multivariate Analysis
Neutropenia
Pneumonia
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Ciprofloxacin
beta-Lactamases

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