J Adv Prosthodont.  2011 Jun;3(2):57-62. 10.4047/jap.2011.3.2.57.

The effect of ceramic thickness and number of firings on the color of a zirconium oxide based all ceramic system fabricated using CAD/CAM technology

• Bachhav VC
• Aras MA

• KMID: 1975077
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2011.3.2.57

Abstract

PURPOSE
Ceramics have a long history in fixed prosthodontics for achieving optimal esthetics and various materials have been used to improve ceramic core strength. However, there is a lack of information on how color is affected by fabrication procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of various dentin ceramic thicknesses and repeated firings on the color of zirconium oxide all-ceramic system (Lava(TM)) fabricated using CAD/CAM technology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty disc-shaped cores, 12 mm in diameter with a 1 mm thickness were fabricated from zirconium oxide based all ceramic systems (Lava(TM), 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) and divided into three groups (n = 10) according to veneering with dentin ceramic thicknesses: as 0.5, 1, or 1.5 mm. Repeated firings (3, 5, 7, or 9) were performed, and the color of the specimens was compared with the color after the initial firing. Color differences among ceramic specimens were measured using a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade, VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) and data were expressed in CIELAB system coordinates. A repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data (n = 10, alpha=.05).
RESULTS
L*a*b* values of the ceramic systems were affected by the number of firings (3, 5, 7, or 9 firings) (P<.001) and ceramic thickness (0.5, 1, or 1.5 mm) (P<.001). Significant interactions were present in L*a*b* values between the number of firings and ceramic thickness (P<.001). An increase in number of firings resulted in significant increase in L* values for both 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses (P<.01, P=.013); however it decreased for 1 mm thickness (P<.01). The a* values increased for 1 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses (P<.01), while it decreased for 0.5 mm specimens. The b* values increased significantly for all thicknesses (P<.01, P=.022). As the dentin ceramic thickness increased, significant reductions in L* values (P<.01) were recorded. There were significant increases in both a* and b* values (P<.01) as the dentin ceramic thickness increased.
CONCLUSION
The number of firings and dentin ceramic thickness have a definite effect on the final color of all ceramic system tested. The mean DeltaE value increased as the dentin ceramic thicknesses increased for zirconium-oxide based all ceramic specimens tested. However, the mean DeltaE values were less than 3.7DeltaE units which is rated as a match in the oral environment.

Keyword

Dental porcelain; Color; CAD/CAM

MeSH Terms

Ceramics
Dental Porcelain
Dentin
Esthetics
Fires
Prosthodontics
Zirconium
Ceramics
Dental Porcelain
Zirconium

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Means of L* for number of firings and dentin ceramic thicknesses.

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  Fig. 2 Means of a* for number of firings and dentin ceramic thicknesses.

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  Fig. 3 Means of b* for number of firings and dentin ceramic thicknesses.

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