Clin Exp Vaccine Res.  2015 Jul;4(2):145-158. 10.7774/cevr.2015.4.2.145.

Application of radiation technology in vaccines development

• Seo HS

• KMID: 1965399
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7774/cevr.2015.4.2.145

Abstract

One of the earliest methods used in the manufacture of stable and safe vaccines is the use of chemical and physical treatments to produce inactivated forms of pathogens. Although these types of vaccines have been successful in eliciting specific humoral immune responses to pathogen-associated immunogens, there is a large demand for the development of fast, safe, and effective vaccine manufacturing strategies. Radiation sterilization has been used to develop a variety of vaccine types, because it can eradicate chemical contaminants and penetrate pathogens to destroy nucleic acids without damaging the pathogen surface antigens. Nevertheless, irradiated vaccines have not widely been used at an industrial level because of difficulties obtaining the necessary equipment. Recent successful clinical trials of irradiated vaccines against pathogens and tumors have led to a reevaluation of radiation technology as an alternative method to produce vaccines. In the present article, we review the challenges associated with creating irradiated vaccines and discuss potential strategies for developing vaccines using radiation technology.

Keyword

Gamma-radiation; Irradiated vaccine; GVAX; Killed vaccine

MeSH Terms

Antigens, Surface
Immunity, Humoral
Nucleic Acids
Sterilization
Vaccines*
Antigens, Surface
Nucleic Acids
Vaccines

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Irradiated pneumococcal vaccine induced antibody titers. Irradiated or formalin-treated vaccines were administered intranasally to CD-1 mice (n = 5) with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), cholera toxin (CT), or lipid A at days 0 and 14. Pneumococcal specific immunoglobulin A in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (A) and total immunoglobulin (B) were measured at 5 days after final immunization.

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