Infect Chemother.  2008 Jun;40(3):140-147. 10.3947/ic.2008.40.3.140.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics : General Concepts and Recent Advances

• Lee DG
• Shin HH

• KMID: 1782286
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2008.40.3.140

Abstract

Pharmacokinetics (PK) of antibiotics can be considered as the absorption, distribution, and elimination of drug. Pharmacodynamics (PD) is the relationship between concentration of drug and the antimicrobial effect. Time course of antibiotic activity is a reflection of the interrelationship between PK and PD. Over the past decades, considerable data have been derived from in vitro, in vivo models and infected patients. The time course activity characteristics of concentration effect, and postantibiotic effects, determine the typical patterns of antibiotic activity according to the PD classification. Furthermore, the pattern of antibiotic activity over time is an important determinant of optimal dosage regimens. This review will focus on general concepts and the applications of PK/PD to antibiotic therapy.

Keyword

Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacodynamics; Antibiotics

MeSH Terms

Absorption
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Humans
Anti-Bacterial Agents

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Schematic presentation of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices in antibiotics: Cmax, peak concentration; Cmin, trough concentration; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; AUC, area under the curve; T>MIC, time above the MIC.

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  Fig. 2 Relationship between three pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices (peak/MIC, 24-hour AUC/MIC, percentage of time that serum levels exceed the MIC) and the number of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 43816 in the lungs of neutropenic mice after 24-hour of therapy with ceftazidime.

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