Yonsei Med J.  2014 Jan;55(1):203-208. 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.1.203.

Inflammatory Cytokine and Osmolarity Changes in the Tears of Dry Eye Patients Treated with Topical 1% Methylprednisolone

• Lee JH
• Min K
• Kim SK
• Kim EK
• Kim TI

• KMID: 1779907
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.1.203

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate changes in clinical outcomes, inflammatory cytokine levels, and tear osmolarity in the tears of patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome before and after the application of topical 1% methylprednisolone.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-two patients with moderate to severe dry eye unresponsive to previous aqueous enhancement therapy were enrolled. Five patients were lost to follow up, and twenty-seven patients were eligible for analysis. Patients were instructed to apply topical 1% methylprednisolone four times per day, as well as to continue applying their current therapy of preservative-free 0.1% sodium hyaluronate four times per day. Corneal and conjunctival staining scores, tear film breakup time (TFBUT), Schirmer test, and tear osmolarity were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Tear samples were collected at every visit for cytokine analysis.
RESULTS
Corneal and conjunctival staining scores and TFBUT showed significant improvement at 4 (p<0.001, <0.001, <0.001 respectively) and 8 (p<0.001, <0.001, <0.001 respectively) weeks. Tear osmolarity decreased significantly at 8 weeks (p=0.008). Interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were significantly decreased at 8 weeks compared with those at baseline (p=0.041, 0.001, 0.008 respectively).
CONCLUSION
Short-term treatment with topical 1% methylprednisolone not only improved clinical outcomes, but also decreased tear osmolarity and cytokine levels. By measuring the changes in cytokine levels and tear osmolarity, we could objectively evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of topical methylprednisolone applied in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome.

Keyword

Dry eye syndrome; cytokines; osmolar concentration; methylprednisolone

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aged
Cytokines/*metabolism
Dry Eye Syndromes/*drug therapy/metabolism
Female
Humans
Male
Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use
Middle Aged
Osmolar Concentration
Prospective Studies
Tears/*chemistry/*metabolism
Cytokines
Methylprednisolone

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Changes in concentration of IL-1β, IL-8, and MCP-1 before and after treatment. IL, interleukin; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1.

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