Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab.  2014 Mar;19(1):8-12. 10.6065/apem.2014.19.1.8.

Iodine and thyroid function

• Chung HR

• KMID: 1702657
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.6065/apem.2014.19.1.8

Abstract

Severe iodine deficiency causes hypothyroidism that results in impaired somatic growth and motor development in children. Mild and moderate iodine deficiencies cause multifocal autonomous growth of thyroid, which results in thyrotoxicosis. On the other hand, iodine excess is associated with the development of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity. In areas of iodine deficiency, a sudden increase in iodine intake is associated with transient hyperthyroidism. Recent studies demonstrated that long-term thyroid function of subjects who experienced both iodine deficiency and iodine excess during childhood tended to be abnormal despite optimization of their current iodine intake. Iodine status in the Korean Peninsula is very unique because people in the Republic of Korea have been shown to have predominantly excessive iodine levels, whereas the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is known to be an iodine-deficient area. Further research is warranted to verify the optimal ranges of iodine intake and to clarify the effects of iodine intake on thyroid disorders in the Korean Peninsula.

Keyword

Thyroid; Iodine; Hypothyroidism

MeSH Terms

Autoimmunity
Child
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Hand
Humans
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Iodine*
Republic of Korea
Thyroid Gland*
Thyrotoxicosis
Iodine

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