Cytotoxicity of Low - osmolar Nonionic and High - osmolar lonic Contrast Media: Comparative Study Using Gallbladder Epithelial Cell

Ju, Young Min; Lee, Young Mi; Kang, Ho Hyung; Kim, Myung Hwan; Lee, Sung Koo; Seo, Dong Wan; Kim, Ki Rhack; Min, Young Il; Kim, Ji Yeon

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS: High-osmolar ionic contrast media are used in ERCP over the world even though low-osmolar nonionic contrast media are mainly selected for intravascular enhancement due to low incidence of side effect. The purpose of this study was to compare cholangiocytotoxicity of the two contrast media which had the same amounts of iodine.
METHODS
High-osmolar ionic meglumine-ioxithalamte and low-osmolar nonionic iopromide were used. The canine gallbladdder epithelial cells were exposed to the two contrast media with different iodine concentration and osmolality for 2 days. Cell number, S-phase fraction, aneuploidy and supernatant LDH activities were estimated everyday.
RESULTS
The cell growth inhibition was more severely affected by ioxithalamte than iopromide (p < 0.05) and had a tendency to depend on the osmolality of contrast mixtures. The S-phase fraction was concordant with cell growth. The aneuploidy was more commonly detected in cells exposed to ioxithalamte mixtures.
CONCLUSIONS
High-osmolar ionic contrast media used in ERCP induce more severe cytotoxicity of gallbladder epithelial cell than low-osmolar nonionic contrast media.