Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis.  2012 Dec;19(3):89-110.

Meningococcal Disease and Quadrivalent MenACWY-CRM Vaccine (Menveo(R))

• Tsai TF

Abstract

Meningococcal Disease, manifesting as meningitis and septicemia, is a life-threatening bacterial infection that results in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in childhood. Its epidemic potential and limited opportunities for clinical intervention due to its rapid course present unique public health and clinical challenges. Incidence is highest in infants and young children, with a secondary peak of risk in adolescents. Approximately 10% of cases are fatal and survivors can be left with serious and permanent sequelae including amputations, hearing loss and cognitive impairment. Transmission is only from human-to-human, by infected respiratory tract secretions or saliva and therefore crowding poses a tremendously elevated risk for disease development. Military recruits and university students are at high risk due to the high carriage rate in adolescents, their behavior patterns and close contact. Menveo(R) (Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics), a novel quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine directed against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135 and Y, has been shown to be immunogenic and well tolerated in all age groups and was recently licensed for use in Korea. Recent cases and deaths among military recruits drew public attention to their elevated risk and the Korean government has recommended vaccination of all new military recruits. Many Korean students seek to attend school, university, or language institutes in countries where routine meningococcal vaccination is required - clinicians should be aware of such requirements to ensure that students are vaccinated prior to arrival in the destination country.

Keyword

Meningococcal disease; Meningococcus; Meningococcal vaccine; Student health

MeSH Terms

Academies and Institutes
Adolescent
Amputation
Bacterial Infections
Child
Crowding
Dietary Sucrose
Hearing Loss
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Korea
Meningitis
Meningococcal Vaccines
Military Personnel
Neisseria meningitidis
Public Health
Respiratory System
Saliva
Sepsis
Survivors
Vaccination
Vaccines
Dietary Sucrose
Meningococcal Vaccines
Vaccines

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Age-specific incidence of meningococcal disease vs. serum bactericidal antibody.

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  Fig. 2 Meningococcal disease in U.S. military, 1964-1998, and impact of vaccine introductions.

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  Fig. 3 Comparison of immunogenicity of MenACWY-CRM with that of MenACWY-D per serogroup, one month post-vaccination.

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  Fig. 4 Immunogenicity of MenACWY-CRM compared with placebo in Korean adolescents and adults, by serogroup, one month post-vaccination.

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  Fig. 5 Korean Educational Development Institute survey of Korean students traveling internationally for courses of study, by purpose of study and destination country, 2011.

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  Fig. 6 State laws pertaining to meningococcal vaccination of students, United States.

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