J Vet Sci.  2003 Aug;4(2):129-136.

Protective Effects of N-acetylcysteine and Selenium against Doxorubicin Toxicity in Rats

• Park ES
• Kim SD
• Lee MH
• Lee HS
• Lee IS
• Sung JK
• Yoon YS

Abstract

To investigate the neutralizing effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and selenium (Se) aganist doxorubicin (DOX) toxicity in rats, NAC (140 mg/kg, p.o.) and Se (0.5 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered for 2 days before DOX injection and then 3 times a week. Cell viability and the level of lipid peroxidation were examined in cultured-rat astrocytes. Severe morphologic changes in the kidney of DOX group; thickening of Bowmans capsule, presence of multifocal tubular casts were observed, but not in the other treated groups. Vacuoles in some hepatic cells and focal aggregation of stellate macrophages were also detected in DOX group, but not in the other treated groups. However, the severe inhibition of spermatogenesis was found in all treated groups. The cell viability of DOX (10 mg/ml) treated group and NAC (5 mM) or Se (0.001 mg/ml) combinedtreated group was 52.5+/-2.0 % , 85.3+/-4.5 % and 75.5+/-1.6 %, respectively. In MDA (malondialdehyde) assay, the level of lipid peroxidation on DOX (10 mg/ml), NAC (5 mM) and Se (0.001 mg/ml) was 0.77+/-0.06, 0.35+/-0.06 and 0.54+/-0.11 nmol/mg protein, respectively. Thus, it is known that NAC and Se have protective effects in kidney and liver but not in the testes. Morphological change was not detected in brain and heart in all groups for experiment period. From this in vitro study, it is known that NAC and Se protect well the astrocytes against DOX induced-cell damage.

MeSH Terms

Acetylcysteine/*pharmacology
Animals
Astrocytes/*cytology/drug effects/pathology
Cell Survival/drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Doxorubicin/antagonists & inhibitors/*toxicity
Liver/cytology/*drug effects/pathology
Male
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Spermatocytes/cytology/drug effects/pathology