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Mitochondrial Quality Control in the Heart: New Drug Targets for Cardiovascular Disease

Oh CM, Ryu D, Cho S, Jang Y

Despite considerable efforts to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD), it has become the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiac mitochondria are crucial cell organelles responsible for creating energy-rich ATP...
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Microtubular Dysfunction and Male Infertility

Gunes S, Sengupta P, Henkel R, Alguraigari A, Sinigaglia MM, Kayal M, Joumah A, Agarwal A

Microtubules are the prime component of the cytoskeleton along with microfilaments. Being vital for organelle transport and cellular divisions during spermatogenesis and sperm motility process, microtubules ascertain functional capacity of...
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Autophagy, Cellular Aging and Age-related Human Diseases

Cheon SY, Kim H, Rubinsztein DC, Lee JE

Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved degradation system that engulfs intracytoplasmic contents, including aggregated proteins and organelles, which is crucial for cellular homeostasis. During aging, cellular factors suggested as the cause of...
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Particulate Matter-Induced Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Regulates Autophagy in Keratinocytes

Jang HS, Lee JE, Myung CH, Park JI, Jo CS, Hwang JS

Particulate matter (PM), which refers to the mixture of particles present in the air, can have harmful effects. Damage to cells by PM, including disruption of organelles and proteins, can...
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Nrf2-Heme oxygenase-1 modulates autophagy and inhibits apoptosis triggered by elevated glucose levels in renal tubule cells

Kim JH, Kim KM, Jeong JU, Shin JH, Shin JM, Bang KT

BACKGROUND: Autophagy is a highly balanced process in which lysosomes remove aged and damaged organelles and cellular proteins. Autophagy is essential to maintain homeostasis in the kidneys. METHODS: Using human renal...
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Diverse Effects of Small Molecule Inhibitors on Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics in HIV-1 Infection

Shin Y, Choi BS, Kim KC, Kim K, Yoon CH

The dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in the process of cell division, the transportation of organelles, vesicle trafficking and cell movement. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1...
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Dysfunctional Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Synaptic Degeneration in Alzheimer Disease

Tang J, Oliveros A, Jang MH

Synapses are sites of high energy demand which are dependent on high levels of mitochondrial derived adenosine triphosphate. Mitochondria within synaptic structures are key for maintenance of functional neurotransmission and...
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The Role of Autophagy in Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation

Lee J, Kim HS

Autophagy is a homeostatic mechanism that discards not only invading pathogens but also damaged organelles and denatured proteins via lysosomal degradation. Increasing evidence suggests a role for autophagy in inflammatory...
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Repeated restraint stress promotes hippocampal neuronal cell ciliogenesis and proliferation in mice

Lee K, Ko HW

Stress severely disturbs physiological and mental homeostasis which includes adult neurogenesis in hippocampus. Neurogenesis in hippocampus is a key feature to adapt to environmental changes and highly regulated by multiple...
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Exercise and Mitochondrial Remodeling in Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetes

Lee H, Song W

Exercise is regarded as a potent stimulus in modulation of glucose utility and mitochondrial adaptations in skeletal muscle, leading to enhanced metabolic health. As mitochondria play a crucial role in...
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Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Sepsis

Nagar H, Piao S, Kim CS

Mitochondria are considered the power house of the cell and are an essential part of the cellular infrastructure, serving as the primary site for adenosine triphosphate production via oxidative phosphorylation....
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Can Tissue Cilia Lengths and Urine Cilia Proteins Be Markers of Kidney Diseases?

Park KM

The primary cilium is an organelle which consists of a microtubule in the core and a surrounding cilia membrane, and has long been recognized as a “vestigial organelle”. However, new...
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Primary Cilia as a Signaling Platform for Control of Energy Metabolism

Song DK, Choi JH, Kim MS

Obesity has become a common healthcare problem worldwide. Cilia are tiny hair-like organelles on the cell surface that are generated and anchored by the basal body. Non-motile primary cilia have...
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Can Controlling Endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction Treat Allergic Inflammation in Severe Asthma With Fungal Sensitization?

Jeong JS, Kim SR, Lee YC

Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease entity to which diverse cellular components and pathogenetic mechanisms contribute. Current asthma therapies, including new biologic agents, are mainly targeting T helper type 2...
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Implications of aging and the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response on the molecular modality of breast cancer

Minakshi R, Rahman S, Jan AT, Archana A, Kim J

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important subcellular organelle that is involved in numerous activities required to achieve and maintain functional proteins in addition to its role in the biosynthesis...
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Effects of exercise on obesity-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle

Heo JW, No MH, Park DH, Kang JH, Seo DY, Han J, Neufer PD, Kwak HB

Obesity is known to induce inhibition of glucose uptake, reduction of lipid metabolism, and progressive loss of skeletal muscle function, which are all associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle....
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Autophagy in Mycobacterium abscessus Infection

Subhadra B, Choi CH

Autophagy is a self-degradative process that removes misfolded or aggregated proteins, clears damaged organelles, as well as eliminates intracellular pathogens playing a role in innate immunity. Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus)...
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An Experimental Infarct Targeting the Internal Capsule: Histopathological and Ultrastructural Changes

Han CW, Lee KH, Noh MG, Kim JM, Kim HS, Kim HS, Kim RG, Cho J, Kim HI, Lee MC

BACKGROUND: Stroke involving the cerebral white matter (WM) has increased in prevalence, but most experimental studies have focused on ischemic injury of the gray matter. This study was performed to...
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Autophagy in the placenta

Oh SY, Roh CR

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catalytic process by which cytoplasmic components including damaged macromolecules and organelles are degraded. The role of autophagy includes adaptive responses to nutrition deprivation or intracellular...
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Mitochondrial Control of Innate Immunity and Inflammation

Jin HS, Suh HW, Kim SJ, Jo EK

Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production, functioning as the metabolic hubs of cells. Recent findings emphasize the emerging role of the mitochondrion as a key intracellular signaling platform...
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