Neurospine.
2025 Mar;22(1):105-117. 10.14245/ns.2449404.702.
The Utilization of Navigation and Emerging Technologies With Endoscopic Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review
- Sharma AK
1 - de Oliveira RG2
- Suvithayasiri S3
- Chavalparit P4
- Chang CC5
- Kim YH6
- Fischer CR6
- Lee S7
- Cho S8
- Kim JS9
- Park DY1
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
- 2Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- 4Department of Orthopedics, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
- 5Minimally Invasive Spine and Joint Center, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- 6Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- 7Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- 8Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2566046
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2449404.702
Abstract
- Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) is growing in popularity worldwide. An expanding body of literature demonstrates rapid functional recovery with reduced morbidity compared to open techniques. Both full endoscopic spine surgery, or uniportal endoscopy, and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) can be employed in conjunction with various navigation and enabling technologies for assistance with localization of anatomic orientation and assessment of the intraoperative target spinal pathology. This review article describes various navigation technologies in ESS, including 2-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopic imaging, 2D fluoroscopic navigation, 3-dimensional C-arm navigation, augmented reality, and spinal robotics. Employment of enabling navigation and emerging technology with the registration of patient-specific anatomy enables clear delineation of anatomic landmarks and facilitation of a successful procedure. Additionally, avoidance of common pitfalls during use of navigation systems in ESS is discussed in this review.
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