J Cardiovasc Interv.  2023 Apr;2(2):88-99. 10.54912/jci.2022.0026.

Prevalence and In-Hospital Clinical Outcome of Acute CardioCerebrovascular Events During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic in Goyang City

• Kim JH
• Suh Y
• Lee JH
• Jeong H
• Hwang ES
• Oh SJ
• Kim JS
• Kwon SU
• Cho YH

• KMID: 2561271
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.54912/jci.2022.0026

Abstract

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has not only directly increased the mortality rate of infected patients but has also indirectly changed medical health care. We sought to investigate the change in the prevalence and in-hospital clinical outcome of acute cardio-cerebrovascular events between the pre-pandemic and early COVID-19 pandemic periods.
Methods
We collected data from patients with acute cardio-cerebrovascular events, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and death in the emergency department (ED), from January 1 to May 31, respectively 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 2020 (early COVID-19 pandemic) at four major general hospitals in Goyang city, Republic of Korea.
Results
The prevalence of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and death cases in the ED slightly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the in-hospital mortality rate of patients with AMI and hospitalization for heart failure did not differ, whereas that of patients with ischemic stroke significantly increased (2.3% vs. 5.0%; odds ratio [OR], 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–4.11; P = 0.011). Among the death cases in the ED, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed more frequently during the COVID-19 pandemic (39.4% vs. 50.0%; OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.15–2.05; P = 0.004).
Conclusions
Our study showed that the prevalence of acute cardio-cerebrovascular diseases slightly decreased during the early COVID-19 pandemic period. During the early COVID-19 pandemic period, the in-hospital mortality rate of patients with ischemic stroke increased and CPR among death cases in the ED was performed more frequently compared with that during the pre-pandemic period.

Keyword

COVID-19; Myocardial infarction; Ischemic stroke; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation