J Mov Disord.
2024 Jul;17(3):313-321. 10.14802/jmd.24003.
Association Between Exposure to Particulate Matter and the Incidence of Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan
- Chen TB
1,2 - Liang CS3
- Chang CM4,5,6
- Yang CC7
- Yu HL8
- Wu YS9
- Huang WJ9
- Tsai IJ10,11
- Yan YH10,12,13
- Wei CY14,15
- Yang CP2,9,13,16
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- 2Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- 4Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- 5College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- 6Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- 7Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- 8Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- 9Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
- 10Department of Medical Research, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- 11Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- 12Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- 13Department of Nutrition and Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
- 14Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
- 15Department of Neurology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- 16Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- KMID: 2558076
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24003
Abstract
Objective
Emerging evidence suggests that air pollution exposure may increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We aimed to investigate the association between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and the risk of incident PD nationwide.
Methods
We utilized data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, which is spatiotemporally linked with air quality data from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration website. The study population consisted of participants who were followed from the index date (January 1, 2005) until the occurrence of PD or the end of the study period (December 31, 2017). Participants who were diagnosed with PD before the index date were excluded. To evaluate the association between exposure to PM2.5 and incident PD risk, we employed Cox regression to estimate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
A total of 454,583 participants were included, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 63.1 (9.9) years and a male proportion of 50%. Over a mean follow-up period of 11.1 (3.6) years, 4% of the participants (n = 18,862) developed PD. We observed a significant positive association between PM2.5 exposure and the risk of PD, with a hazard ratio of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.20–1.23) per interquartile range increase in exposure (10.17 μg/m3) when adjusting for both SO2 and NO2.
Conclusion
We provide further evidence of an association between PM2.5 exposure and the risk of PD. These findings underscore the urgent need for public health policies aimed at reducing ambient air pollution and its potential impact on PD.
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