J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2024 Apr;54(2):85-95. 10.5051/jpis.2301120056.

Decreased GCF DEL-1 and increased GCF neutrophils with increasing probing pocket depth

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Department of Periodontics, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Purpose
Developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1) plays a role in regulating neutrophil migration within the periodontium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of DEL-1 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), as well as the number of neutrophils in patients with periodontitis.
Methods
Forty systemically healthy, non-smoking periodontitis patients participated in this study. Clinical periodontal parameters, including the plaque index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, modified sulcular bleeding index, and marginal bone level, were measured. Levels of DEL-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in unstimulated saliva samples, as well as DEL-1 in the GCF of 3 teeth from each participant, were assessed. Neutrophil counts in oral rinse and GCF samples were recorded. Spearman correlation coefficients were used to examine the correlation between protein levels, clinical parameters, and neutrophil quantities. Participants were divided into 2 age groups (those under 50 years and those 50 years or older) in order to investigate potential age-related differences.
Results
DEL-1 levels in the GCF showed a negative relationship with PPD (sum). Neutrophils in oral rinse samples were positively correlated with PPD, IL-8, and IL-1β levels. Neutrophils in GCF exhibited a positive correlation with PPD (sum). Salivary DEL-1 levels showed correlations with IL-8 and IL-1β, but not with the clinical parameters of periodontitis.
Conclusions
The negative relationship observed between PPD and GCF DEL-1 levels is consistent with the proposed protective role of DEL-1.

Keyword

EDIL3 protein; Gingival crevicular fluid; Neutrophil; Periodontitis; Saliva
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