Investig Clin Urol.  2024 May;65(3):256-262. 10.4111/icu.20230389.

Risk factors for failing to complete gemcitabine–cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer patients

• Kang H
• Suh J
• You D
• Jeong IG
• Hong B
• Hong JH
• Ahn H
• Lim B

• KMID: 2555624
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4111/icu.20230389

Abstract

Purpose
We evaluated the risk factors associated with failure to complete gemcitabine–cisplatin (GP) neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).
Materials and Methods
In total, 231 patients with MIBC treated with NAC before undergoing radical cystectomy between 2013 and 2022 participated in this study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the likelihood of incomplete NAC and clinical and demographic variables, including age, sex, hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), prechemotherapy glomerular filtration rate, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, and body mass index (BMI).
Results
Of 231 patients, 209 (90.5%) and 22 (9.5%) completed and discontinued the NAC course, respectively. The mean age was 66.13±9.15, 65.63±9.07, and 70.86±8.66 years for the total sample, continuation, and discontinuation groups, respectively (p=0.010). No significant inter-group differences in sex, HTN, height, weight, BMI, pre-chemotherapy glomerular filtration rate, clinical T stage, or clinical N stage were observed. According to the results of the multivariable analysis, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.076, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.013–1.143, p=0.018) and the presence of DM (OR 2.541, 95% CI 1.028–6.281, p=0.043) were significantly associated with NAC discontinuation.
Conclusions
Thus, older age and presence of DM are potential risk factors for GP NAC discontinuation in patients with MIBC. Further studies are required to validate our findings and develop strategies to minimize the rate of GP NAC discontinuation in this population.

Keyword

Diabetes mellitus; Neoadjuvant chemotherapy; Radical cystectomy; Urinary bladder cancer