Infect Chemother.
2024 Mar;56(1):122-157. 10.3947/ic.2024.0024.
Updated Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Long COVID
- Seo JW
1 - Kim SE2
- Kim Y3
- Kim EJ4
- Kim T5
- Kim T6
- Lee SH7
- Lee E8
- Lee J9
- Seo YB9
- Jeong YH10
- Jung YH11
- Choi YJ12
- Song JY12
- Affiliations
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- 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- 2Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- 3Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- 4Health, Welfare, Family and Gender Equality Team, National Assembly Research Service, Seoul, Korea
- 5Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
- 6Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- 7Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- 8Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- 9Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- 10CAU Thrombosis and Biomarker Center, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- 11Department of Neurology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
- 12Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2554989
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2024.0024
Abstract
- "Long COVID" is a term used to describe a condition when the symptoms and signs associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) persist for more than three months among patients infected with COVID-19; this condition has been reported globally and poses a serious public health issue. Long COVID can manifest in various forms, highlighting the need for appropriate evaluation and management by experts from various fields. However, due to the lack of clear clinical definitions, knowledge of pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment protocols, it is necessary to develop the best standard clinical guidelines based on the scientific evidence reported to date. We developed this clinical guideline for diagnosing and treating long COVID by analyzing the latest research data collected from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic until June 2023, along with the consensus of expert opinions. This guideline provides recommendations for diagnosis and treatment that can be applied in clinical practice, based on a total of 32 key questions related to patients with long COVID. The evaluation of patients with long COVID should be comprehensive, including medical history, physical examination, blood tests, imaging studies, and functional tests. To reduce the risk of developing long COVID, vaccination and antiviral treatment during the acute phase are recommended. This guideline will be revised when there is a reasonable need for updates based on the availability of new knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of long COVID.
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