1. Saver JL, Carroll JD, Thaler DE, Smalling RW, MacDonald LA, Marks DS, et al. Long-term outcomes of patent foramen ovale closure or medical therapy after stroke. N Engl J Med. 2017; 377:1022–1032.
Article
2. Mas JL, Derumeaux G, Guillon B, Massardier E, Hosseini H, Mechtouff L, et al. Patent foramen ovale closure or anticoagulation vs. antiplatelets after stroke. N Engl J Med. 2017; 377:1011–1021.
Article
3. Søndergaard L, Kasner SE, Rhodes JF, Andersen G, Iversen HK, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, et al. Patent foramen ovale closure or antiplatelet therapy for cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2017; 377:1033–1042.
Article
4. Lee PH, Song JK, Kim JS, Heo R, Lee S, Kim DH, et al. Cryptogenic stroke and high-risk patent foramen ovale: the DEFENSE-PFO trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 71:2335–2342.
5. Miyamoto S, Ogasawara K, Kuroda S, Itabashi R, Toyoda K, Itoh Y, et al. Japan Stroke Society guideline 2021 for the treatment of stroke. Int J Stroke. 2022; 17:1039–1049.
Article
6. Angelini F, Fortuni F, Tsivgoulis G, Agnelli G, Bocchino PP, Franchin L, et al. Comparison of antithrombotic strategies in patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale: an updated meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2021; 35:987–993.
Article
7. Kent DM, Ruthazer R, Weimar C, Mas JL, Serena J, Homma S, et al. An index to identify stroke-related vs incidental patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic stroke. Neurology. 2013; 81:619–625.
Article
8. Diener HC, Chutinet A, Easton JD, Granger CB, Kleine E, Marquardt L, et al. Dabigatran or aspirin after embolic stroke of undetermined source in patients with patent foramen ovale: results from RE-SPECT ESUS. Stroke. 2021; 52:1065–1068.
Article
9. Elmariah S, Furlan AJ, Reisman M, Burke D, Vardi M, Wimmer NJ, et al. Predictors of recurrent events in patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale within the CLOSURE I (evaluation of the STARFlex septal closure system in patients with a stroke and/or transient ischemic attack due to presumed paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale) trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2014; 7:913–920.
Article
10. Thaler DE, Ruthazer R, Weimar C, Mas JL, Serena J, Di Angelantonio E, et al. Recurrent stroke predictors differ in medically treated patients with pathogenic vs. other PFOs. Neurology. 2014; 83:221–226.
Article