Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci.  2023 Feb;21(1):147-161. 10.9758/cpn.2023.21.1.147.

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1: Potential Inflammatory Marker in Late-life Depression

• Lee SH
• Shin C
• Ko YH
• Lee MS
• Park MH
• Pae CU
• Yoon HK
• Han C

• KMID: 2539659
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2023.21.1.147

Abstract

Objective
Although several previous studies have examined the association between late-life depression and blood adipokine levels, a marker of chronic inflammation, no studies have comprehensively considered the effects of metabolic syndrome, which is known to affect blood adipokine levels. This study examined blood adipokine levels in geriatric depression after adjusting for the effects of metabolic syndrome.
Methods
Participants were selected from the Ansan Geriatric Study (depression group [n = 76] and control group [n = 76]). Blood concentrations of four adipokines (adiponectin, resistin, neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL], and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1]) were measured using immunoassays. The effects of blood adipokine concentration on the diagnosis of depression were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to adjust for the effects of metabolic syndrome and potential confounding factors.
Results
When the effects of metabolic syndrome and potential confounding factors were adjusted, only PAI-1 could explain the diagnosis of depression among all the adipokines. The depression group showed a lower blood PAI-1 level than the control group. Adiponectin, resistin, and NGAL could not explain the diagnosis of depression when the effects of metabolic syndrome and potential confounding factors were adjusted.
Conclusion
This study suggests the possibility that the blood PAI-1 levels in clinically pathological late-life depression may show contrasting results to those with subclinical depressive symptoms. Additionally, considering that most previous studies have been conducted with pre-geriatric populations, the study suggests the possibility that geriatric depression may show inflammatory changes with patterns that are different from those of depression in the pre-geriatric population.

Keyword

Depression; Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; Adipokine; Inflammation; Metabolic syndrome