Yonsei Med J.
2023 Feb;64(2):133-138. 10.3349/ymj.2022.0451.
Refractive Errors, Retinal Findings, and Genotype of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Retrospective Cohort Study
- Affiliations
-
- 1The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- 2Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children’s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- 3Department of Ophthalmology, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- KMID: 2538963
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2022.0451
Abstract
- Purpose
To examine the refractive errors, retinal manifestations, and genotype in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) patients in a Korean population.
Materials and Methods
A total of 98 patients with TSC were enrolled in Severance Hospital for a retrospective cohort study. The number of retinal astrocytic hamartoma and retinal achromic patch within a patient, as well as the size, bilaterality, and morphological type were studied. In addition, the refractive status of patients and the comorbidity of intellectual disability and epilepsy were also examined.
Results
Retinal astrocytic hamartoma was found in 37 patients, and bilateral invasion was observed in 20 patients (54%). TSC1 mutation was associated with myopia (p=0.01), while TSC2 mutation was associated with emmetropia (p=0.01). Retinal astrocytic hamartoma was categorized into three morphological types and examined as follows: type I (87%), type II (35%), and type III (14%). Single invasion of retinal astrocytic hamartoma was identified in 32% of the patients, and multiple invasions in 68%. The TSC1/ TSC2 detection rate was 91% (41/45). Among them, TSC1 variant was detected in 23 patients (54%), whereas TSC2 variant was detected in 18 patients (40%). The results showed that TSC2 mutations are correlated with a higher rate of retinal astrocytic hamartoma involvement (all p<0.05), and multiple and bilateral involvement of retinal hamartomas (all p<0.05). However, the size of retinal astrocytic hamartomas, comorbidity of epilepsy, or intellectual disability did not show correlation with the genetic variant.
Conclusion
TSC1 variant patients were more myopic, while TSC2 variant patients showed association with more extensive involvement of retinal astrocytic hamartoma.
