J Chest Surg.  2022 Oct;55(5):388-396. 10.5090/jcs.22.016.

Trends in Heart Valve Surgery in Korea: A Report from the Heart Valve Surgery Registry Database

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 2Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 3Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 4Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 5Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
  • 6Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea.
  • 7Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea.
  • 8Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Bucheon Sejong Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.
  • 9Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
  • 10Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
  • 11Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

Abstract

Background
In this study, we present recent trends in heart valve surgery in Korea through analyses of data from the Korea Heart Valve Surgery Registry (KHVSR).
Methods
We enrolled 8,981 patients who were registered in the KHVSR from 2017 to 2020. Yearly trends in patients’ baseline characteristics, surgical profiles, and early mortality rates were explored. The observed/expected mortality ratio (O/E ratio), calculated from the actual mortality in the KHVSR and the predicted mortality estimated using the EuroSCORE II, was also analyzed.
Results
The proportion of aortic valve surgery significantly increased from 56.8% in 2017 to 60.3% in 2020. The proportion of all combined procedures and minimally invasive surgery significantly increased over the 4-year study period. The operative mortality rate was 2.9% in the entire cohort, while mitral valve repair showed the lowest mortality risk (0.9%). The mortality rates of isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) significantly decreased from 2.1% in 2017 to 0.8% in 2020 (p=0.016). Overall, the O/E ratio was 0.784 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.677–0.902) demonstrating significantly lower actual mortality risks than expected based on the EuroSCORE II. In particular, the O/E ratios were as low as 0.364 (95% CI, 0.208–0.591) for isolated AVR.
Conclusion
The recent data from the KHVSR showed increasing trends for complex procedures and minimally invasive surgery in heart valve surgery in Korea, and demonstrated remarkably low risks of operative mortality.

Keyword

Heart valves; Cardiac surgical procedures; Hospital mortality
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