J Korean Biol Nurs Sci.  2022 Aug;24(3):171-180. 10.7586/jkbns.2022.24.3.171.

Nutritional Intake Status according to the Risk of Diabetic Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

• Lee S
• Lee H
• Park G
• Lee DE
• Lee MJ
• Khang AR

• KMID: 2532799
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2022.24.3.171

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional intake status, according to the risk of diabetic complications in Type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods
This was a secondary data analysis study that included 83 patients. The nutritional intake was assessed, using 24-hour dietary recall. The risk of diabetic complications was measured, using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire (MNSIQ). The nutritional intake was analyzed using the CAN-pro 4.0 program. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and Independent t-test, using the SPSS WIN 26.0 program.
Results
The mean FRS and MNSIQ scores for the participants was 14.46 ± 4.09 and 2.30 ± 2.22, respectively. Thirty two participants (38.6%) were in the high-risk groups for cardiovascular disease and peripheral neuropathy. The participants consumed high amounts of grain and low amounts of vegetables, fruits, and dairy products when compared to the recommended intake. However, the nutritional intake did not differ according to FRS or MNSIQ levels. Consumption of vegetables and fruits were significantly different between high and low risk groups of MNSIQ.
Conclusion
It is necessary to consider the composition of dietary intake to improve the imbalanced diet in Type 2 diabetes patients and prevent diabetic complications. Type 2 diabetes patients should reduce the intake of grains and sodium, and increase vegetable intake. More deliberate future studies are needed, to investigate the relationship between food intake and the risk status for diabetic complication.

Keyword

Diabetes mellitus; Type 2; Diabetes complications; Nutritional intake