Korean J Dermatol.  2022 Jul;60(6):350-363.

Evolution in Allergen Sensitization in Korean Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A 10-Year Retrospective Study Based on the Multiple Allergen Simultaneous Test

• Han Y
• Cho M
• Woo YR
• Kim HS
• Lee JD
• Cho SH

Abstract

Background
Avoiding causative allergens is important for controlling the clinical course of atopic dermatitis (AD). Allergen sensitization is influenced by many factors, such as the environmental factors. Although socioeconomic development, climate, and lifestyle have changed and the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased in Korea over the past few decades, there is little information about changes in common allergens over time.
Objective
This study aimed to identify the trends of common allergens in patients with AD over a 10-year period based on the results of the multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST).
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,414 patients with AD (603 adults and 811 children) over a period of 10 years. The serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgE levels of 41 allergens were determined using the MAST.
Results
House dust and house dust mites were the most prevalent allergens in both adult and pediatric patients during the 10-year period; however, the percentage of higher-class responses has decreased in recent years. The number of patients sensitized to house dust, cats, and egg whites increased, whereas that of patients sensitized to cockroaches, storage mites, beef, and rice decreased for both adults and children. No significant changes were observed in the total number of sensitizing allergens over time.
Conclusion
Common allergens in patients with AD have change over time. Based on the findings of this study, physicians and patients should consider changing their disease prevention and management strategies.

Keyword

Allergens; Atopic dermatitis; Immunoglobulin E; Multiple allergen simultaneous test; Sensitization