Ann Clin Microbiol.  2022 Mar;25(1):29-33. 10.5145/ACM.2022.25.1.4.

Analysis of Neutralization Antibodies in Patients With Mild COVID-19 Infection After 100 Days Using Microneutralization Test

• Ahn MJ
• Jeong DG
• Lee KS
• Lee S
• Ryu BH
• Yang HR
• Kim S

• KMID: 2527487
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2022.25.1.4

Abstract

Neutralizing antibodies play a critical role in blocking viral infections and in viral clearance during acute infection. The microneutralization assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) targeting the receptor binding domain were performed for 30 patients with mild coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 infections. The elapsed number of days between sample collection and diagnosis was 115 days, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle threshold (Ct) values at diagnosis were recorded. Clinical characteristics and Ct values were compared between neutralization antibody-positive and -negative patients as measured by the microneutralization assay. Neutralization antibody-positive patients (n = 9) were likely to be older, have low Ct values, have more pneumonia during admission, and have a higher optical density in ELISA than the neutralization antibody-negative patients (n = 21). Elderly people seemed to have a higher viral load causing more pneumonia and to produce more neutralization antibodies. Neutralization antibodies persisted in only 30% of patients as detected by microneutralization test after 100 days of diagnosis.

Keyword

Antibody; COVID-19; Neutralization; SARS-CoV-2