J Korean Med Assoc.
2022 Jan;65(1):44-54. 10.5124/jkma.2022.65.1.44.
Principles of asthma treatment and appropriate use of new drugs
- Affiliations
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- 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
- 2Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2525108
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2022.65.1.44
Abstract
- Background
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease, affecting 1% to 18% of the population worldwide. It is characterized by various respiratory symptoms, such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and cough, and variable airflow limitation. People with asthma often have periods of worsened symptoms and airway obstruction called exacerbations, which can be fatal. We would like to provide the updated clinical management protocols for patients with asthma.
Current Concepts
The goal of asthma treatment is to control symptoms adequately and minimize exacerbations. Anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator therapies are the mainstay of asthma treatment and are recommended as a stepwise approach. The pharmacological treatment of asthma involves evaluating and reviewing the current control status based on the symptoms, future risk of exacerbation, comorbidities, side effects, and patient’s satisfaction. Asthma symptoms in some patients remain uncontrolled despite intensive treatment. The development of biomarkers, evaluation of the patient’s phenotype, and personalized treatment, including biologics, can provide new and effective treatment opportunities.
Discussion and Conclusion
Successful asthma management can be achieved through accurate diagnosis of asthma, evaluation of the control stages, correct use of controllers and relievers, adjustment of asthma triggers, personalized approach, and training in self-management.
