J Vet Sci.
2021 Sep;22(5):e62. 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e62.
Metastasis prognostic factors and cancer stem cell-related transcription factors associated with metastasis induction in canine metastatic mammary gland tumors
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- 2Gyeongnam Department of Environment & Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Munsan 52834, Korea
- 3Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- 4Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- KMID: 2520762
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e62
Abstract
- Background
Canine mammary gland tumor (MGT) is the most common cancer in aged female dogs. Although it's important to identify reliable metastasis or prognostic factors by evaluating related to cell division, adhesion, and cancer stem cell-related transcription factor (TF) in metastasis-induced canine MGT, but there are limited studies.
Objectives
We aimed to identify metastasis prognostic factors and cancer stem cell-TFs in canine MGTs.
Methods
Age-matched female dogs diagnosed with MGT only were classified into metastatic and non-metastatic groups by histopathological staining of MGT tissues. The mRNA levels of cancer prognostic metastasis molecular factors (E-cadherin, ICAM-1, PRR14, VEGF, HPRT1, RPL4 and hnRNP H ) and cancer stem cell-related TFs (Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog ) were compared between metastatic and non-metastatic canine MGT tissues using qRT-PCR analysis.
Results
The mRNA levels of ICAM-1, PRR14, VEGF, hnRNP H, Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog in metastatic MGT group were significantly higher than those in non-metastatic MGT group. However, mRNA level of RPL4 was significantly lower in metastatic MGT group. Loss of E-cadherin and HPRT1 was observed in the metastatic MGT group but it was not significant.
Conclusions
Consistent expression patterns of all metastasis-related factors showing elevation in ICAM-1, PRR14, VEGF, hnRNP H, Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog, but decreases in RPL4 levels occurred in canine MGT tissues, which was associated with metastasis. Thus, these cancer prognostic metastasis factors and TFs of cancer stem cells, except for E-cadherin and HPRT1 , can be used as reliable metastasis factors for canine MGT and therapeutic strategy.
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